睿涵的《素问》读书笔记

睿涵发表于 2021-6-19 22:32:23

1具体要求：
1、查询生僻字，正音，抄写、熟读吟诵，用翻译的方式理通文意，每周简明心得。最后大约八周按日布置作业，梳理一些主要信息。
2、每周2章（少数章节过长过短在进程中适当调整），分两段，本段素问50周。

睿涵发表于 2021-6-20 21:06:16

第一周抄写原文第一，二章。

本帖最后由睿涵于 2021-6-20 22:05 编辑

6.20.

睿涵发表于 2021-6-20 21:56:09

本帖最后由睿涵于 2021-6-25 17:50 编辑

6.20
1具体要求：
1、查询生僻字，正音，抄写、熟读吟诵，用翻译的方式理通文意，每周简明心得。最后大约八周按日布置作业，梳理一些主要信息
一，查字正音。1.昔xī昔，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221445284.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221609510.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221442936.png（是“川”的横写，代表波涛汹涌的洪水）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221836626.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221663113.png（日，时间），表示洪荒时代。有的甲骨文颠倒上下结构。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221547820.png将三道波浪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221442936.png简写成两道波浪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221698352.png。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221506239.png将两道三峰、多峰的波浪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221698352.png简写成两道双峰的波浪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221173642.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221522660.png、https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221825012.png、https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221991031.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221641908.png误将两道双峰的波浪形状https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221762716.png写成两个“冰”（https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221926887.png）形的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221747913.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221473054.png则误将金文字形中两个“冰”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221365004.png的字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221747913.png写成两个“羊头”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221693194.png的字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221447731.png。造字本义：名词，发生千年不遇罕见大洪荒的远古时代。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221864254.png将篆文字形中两个“羊头”的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221447731.png草写成“共头”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221405229.png。经过漫长演变，甲骨文字形中的汹涌波涛https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221442936.png变成了隶书字形中的“共头”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221405229.png，波形消失，面目全非。在甲骨文中，纵写的水https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221750880.png 为山崖披挂而下的“岩泉”；横写的水https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221539596.png为波涛汹涌的洪水；波涛https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221539596.png的一半https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015221240817.png为静止而不流动的水，即冰。“古” 是传说中难以追述的久远时代，“昔”是发生大洪荒的远古时代，“古”比“昔”更遥远。
附一文言版《説文解字》：昔，乾肉也。从殘肉，日以晞之。與俎同意。
附二白话版《说文解字》：昔，干肉。字形用殘肉状的data:image/png;base64,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作边旁，日字边表示用太阳晒干这些残肉。“昔”字用“data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAsAAAAOAQMAAADDr3TWAAAEDGdJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDpDQkQwOTNEOUE0QUQxMUU4ODVDMkM1QzZBRTE0QjM3OCIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDpDQkQwOTNEQUE0QUQxMUU4ODVDMkM1QzZBRTE0Qjc4Ij4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6Q0QwOTNEN0E0QUQxMUU4ODVDMkM1QzZBRTE0QjM3OCIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDpDQkQwOTNEODRBRDExRTg4NUMyQzVDNkFFMTRCMzc4Ii8+IDwvcmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uPiA8L3JkZjpSREY+IDwveDp4bXBtdGE+IDw/eHBhY2tldCBlbmQ9InIiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OPi4eDf3t3c29rZ2NfW1dTT0tHQz87NzMvKycjHxsXEw8LBwL++vby7urm4t7a1tLOxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQQDAgEASc6hXAAAAANzQklUAQEBfC53ggAAAAZQTFRFAAAA////pdmf3QAAAAJ0Uk5T/wDltzBKAAAAAWJLR0QB/wIt3gAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAAAB9JREFUGNNjuJ/AAETvHjAcSWAwbGD4/YDhNoYIGAEAiW4Tq0nJAzQAAAAASUVORK5CYII=”作边旁，跟“俎”字采用“data:image/png;base64,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”作边旁的字理相同。2.灵líng“靈”（灵）与“零”同源，后分化。“霝”是“靈”的本字。霝，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105727399199.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105727454509.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105727894627.png（雨，降水）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105727175285.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105727147673.png（两个“口”，不停念叨），表示巫师念念不停地祈祷下雨。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728596861.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文有的加“示”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728545423.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728370195.png，强调祭祀求雨；有的金文加“玉”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728866290.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728167521.png，表示用玉器祭祀；有的金文加“心”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728938150.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728962145.png，表示求雨极尽虔诚。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728746176.png加“龠”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728600369.png（乐器），表示祈雨现场奏乐献礼，仪式隆重。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728759916.png在“霝”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728482226.png的基础上再加双手https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728449151.png、双脚https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728617633.png、人形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728706947.png、火形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728605261.png，表示祈雨的巫师持炬手舞足蹈，向天神传达干旱缺雨的“火热”痛苦。篆文异体字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728236442.png用“巫”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728542805.png代替“王”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728866290.png（玉），强调巫师降神求雨。造字本义：动词，大旱之时，巫师念念有词地祭祀祝祷求雨。《汉字简化方案》中简体楷书“灵”在金文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728759916.png基础上省略大量字件，将双手https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728449151.png简化成“彐”（“又”的变形）、将https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105728605261.png写成“火”，表示巫师持炬表演求雨祭舞。在古代中医观念中，“神”是统领生命的天真能量，来自于父母奇妙的“两精相搏”，需要后天观照持守；“灵”是沟通天地万物的通神力量，比“神”更脆弱，要以静心与觉悟特别养护；“魂”是统领精神的神秘能量，也称“阳神”，主动，负责有意识状态下的情感、思想等心智活动；“魄”是统领肉体的神秘能量，也称“阴神”，主静，负责无意识状态下的感知、代谢等生理本能。附一文言版《説文解字》：data:image/png;base64,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，靈巫，以玉事神。从玉，霝聲。靈，靈或从巫。
附二白话版《说文解字》：data:image/png;base64,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，灵巫，用宝玉等祥物敬奉神氏的通神者。字形采用“玉”作边旁，“霝”作声旁。靈，异体字靈采用“巫”作边旁
3.弱ruò
“弱”的字源解说我评站长的解说： 1分2分3分4分5分

网友总评： 1分

https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111052212667.png，两“弓”会义，表示弓子强劲有力；https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111052773060.png，像须发，表示年长或衰老。弱，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111052479944.png在https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111052212667.png各加https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111052773060.png，表示强弓已老旧，比喻强劲的弓弩在使用很久之后失去弹力。造字本义：形容词，强弓寿命已到，缺乏力量。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111052348496.png省去其中一撇。楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111052856132.png将隶书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111052279473.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111052761171.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：弱，橈也。上象橈曲，彡象毛氂橈弱也。弱物并，故从二data:image/png;base64,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。
附二白话版《说文解字》：弱，柔曲。字形上部的“弓”像柔曲的形状；而“彡”，像毛发柔弱的样子。柔弱的事物往往相连相存，因此字形采用两个data:image/png;base64,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会义。
4.能néng“能”是“熊”的本字。能，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035316558263.gif是象形字，字形突出了大型猛兽的大嘴https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035330103713.gif和利爪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035344635120.gif。繁体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035456977127.gif将兽嘴“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035330103713.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035618158933.gif，将兽爪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035344635120.gif写成三个“爪”和一个“止”构成的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511044730653608.gif。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035650189573.gif将猛兽的头写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035905820108.gif，将猛兽的大嘴https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035618158933.gif写成“月”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035919787238.gif（长满利齿的大嘴）。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040033268295.gif将金文字形中的熊头和大嘴https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511035805435758.gif写成“以”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040124851532.gif和“月”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040134293632.gif构成的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040147223396.gif，将金文字形的熊爪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040230846260.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040240851780.gif。造字本义：名词，熊，体形庞大但善于爬树游泳的食肉猛兽。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040309156227.gif将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040147223396.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040412835449.gif，将篆文字形中的熊爪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040240851780.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040518808893.gif。俗体楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040622883305.gif将由两个“匕”构成的熊爪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040518808893.gif写成“长”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040638367516.gif。在远古中原没有狮子称霸的丛林中，既可上树，亦可下水的熊，堪称所向无敌的食肉猛兽，于是“能”由“食肉猛兽”的名词本义，引申出形容词义项“不可阻挡的、有行动力的”。当“能”的本义消失后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040752203562.gif再加“火”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/5/11/20210511040804164712.gif（烧山）另造“熊”代替，表示凶猛可怖、常常不得不火攻捕猎的猛兽。
附一文言版《説文解字》：能，熊屬。足似鹿。从肉，㠯聲。能獸堅中，故稱賢能；而彊壯，稱能傑也。凡能之屬皆从能。
附二白话版《说文解字》：能，熊属。足形似鹿。字形采用“肉”作边旁，“㠯”作声旁。能（熊）是兽的中坚，因此称贤者为“能”；而强壮者，则称为“能杰”。所有与能相关的字，都采用“能”作边旁。

5徇xùn旬，既是声旁也是形旁，是“殉”的省略，表示随葬。徇，甲金篆字形资料暂缺，隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111051787451.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111051420949.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111051944340.png（彳，即“行”，巡行）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111051437428.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111051596165.png（旬，即“殉”，随葬），表示斩首巡行。推测造字本义：动词，斩首巡行示众。6.敦dūn“惇”是“敦”的异体字。享，既是声旁也是形旁，是“谆”的省略，表示恳切而耐心劝戒。敦，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847282712.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847455341.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847400275.png（享，即“谆”）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847846025.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847521936.png（攴，持械打击），表示恳切劝戒和体罚。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847852626.png基本承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，恳切耐心地劝戒勉励，并以体罚的权威督促。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847205978.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847660566.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847278907.png，将篆文字形中的“攴”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847980043.png写成“反文旁”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847490044.png。当“敦”引申出形容词“高标准自律的、厚道的”之后，篆文异体字“惇”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847112549.png用“心”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847791180.png（性情）代替“攴”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105847980043.png，强调“性情敦厚”的含义。现代汉语多以“敦”代替“惇”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：敦，怒也。詆也。一曰誰何也。从攴，data:image/png;base64,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聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：敦，恼怒；诋毁。另一种说法认为，“敦”是诉问的意思。字形采用“攴”作边旁，采用“data:image/png;base64,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”作声旁。

7敏mǐn“敏”是“慜”的本字。每，既是声旁也是形旁，表示女子生育。敏，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054399440.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054458459.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054639916.png（每，女子生育）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054988852.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054435806.png（又，抓，用手触摸），表示触动生育的女子。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054621900.png用“女”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054845133.png代替“每”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054639916.png，用“攴”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054263416.png（持械击打）代替“又”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054435806.png（抓），强调外力对怀胎妇女的刺激。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054880709.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054544535.png用“力”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054484910.png代替“又”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105054904632.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/2/23/20210223082518210798.gif综合两款甲骨文字形。造字本义：形容词，孕妇对触摸反应强烈。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/2/23/20210223082539387098.gif将篆文字形中的“每”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/2/23/20210223082551606037.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/2/23/20210223082626223319.gif，将篆文字形中的“攴”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/2/23/20210223083308284090.gif写成“反文旁”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/2/23/20210223082638166952.gif。当“敏”引申出形容词“反应迅速、机灵 ”之后，俗体楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/2/23/20210223082917166180.gif再加“心”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/2/23/20210223082934679257.gif（感受）另造“慜”代替，强调内心对细微变化的感受力。古籍多以“敏”代替“慜”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：敏，疾也。从攴，每聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：敏，动作快捷。字形采用“攴”作边旁，采用“每”作声旁。

8成chéng成，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558226042.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558470511.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558381282.png（戊，大钺，战具）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558305032.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558506028.png（囗，城邑），钺在城上，表示武力征服一邑一地。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558753551.png将城邑“囗”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558506028.png写成一点指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558170712.png，表示征战结束。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558343412.png承续甲骨文字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558626039.png将金文字形中的“戌”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558961242.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558436114.png。造字本义：动词，武力征服，称霸一方。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104558191869.png的“戌”形淡化。
附一文言版《説文解字》：成，就也。从戊，丁聲。data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA0AAAAOAQMAAADOsQSRAAAEDGdJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDo1QURBRDI5M0YzRDMxMUU5OEQyOUM0QkRCNzU3RDM2OCIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDo1QURBRDI5NEYzRDMxMUU5OEQyOUM0QkRCNzU3RDY4Ij4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6NURBRDI5MUYzRDMxMUU5OEQyOUM0QkRCNzU3RDM2OCIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDo1QURBRDI5RjNEMzExRTk4RDI5QzRCREI3NTdEMzY4Ii8+IDwvcmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uPiA8L3JmOlJERj4gPC94OnhtcG1ldGE+IDw/eHBhY2tldCBlbmQ9InIiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OPi4eDf3t3c29rZ2NfW1dTT0tHQz87NzMvKycjHxsXEwsHAv769vLu6ubi3trW0s7KxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQQDAgEABdhwoQAAAANzQklUAQEBfC53ggAAAAZQTFRFAAAA////pdmf3QAAAAJ0Uk5T/wDltzBKAAAAAWJLR0QB/wIt3gAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAAADNJREFUGNNj+B/B8D+D4X8FQwMDw/4KhvUZDI0ZDNMzGLZHMDRGMGzfwLA9gGHbA4baDwBSBRBFEQ4QkQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==，古文成从午。
附二白话版《说文解字》：成，实现，完成。字形采用“戊”作边旁，采用“丁”作声旁。data:image/png;base64,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，这是古文写法的“成”，采用“午”作声旁。

9.登dēng豆，既是声旁也是形旁，表示盛器。登，繁体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830729975.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830836038.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830420982.png（两个“止”，双脚）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830239807.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830735407.png（豆，盛器）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830239807.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830162795.png（収，两手），表示双手捧着装满祭品的豆器走上祭台，“豆”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830735407.png中加一横指事符号，表示豆器内盛满食物。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830850107.png省去双手“収”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830162795.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830933565.png承续繁体甲骨文字形。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830331799.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830839597.png承续简体甲骨文字形。造字本义：动词，手捧装满丰收粮食的盛器，走上祭台敬献神灵。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830686480.png将篆文字形中的双“止”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830619259.png写成“癶”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105830127737.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：登，上車也。从癶、豆。象登車形。data:image/png;base64,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，籀文登，从収。
附二白话版《说文解字》：登，上车。字形采用“癶、豆”会义。像踏板登车的样子。data:image/png;base64,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，这是籀文写法的“登”字，字形采用“収”作边旁。

10天
tiān天，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156445015.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156712199.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156425128.png（口，即“日”的简写，太阳）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156350211.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015625418374.gif（大，成年人），表示人的头顶上方、日月星辰所在的太空。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156652098.png将“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015625418374.gif写成“夫”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015828783336.gif。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156925633.png用“上”代替“日”：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156925633.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156712199.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156113321.png（上，与地相对的空间）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156350211.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156674523.png（大，成年人），表示在人的头顶之上的太空。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156971157.png将“上”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604051734652453.gif和“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604051944132440.gif混写。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156494771.png承续甲骨文字形。简体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156453137.png将甲骨文字形中的“上”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156113321.png简写成“一”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156381521.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156188550.png承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，人类头顶上方的太空苍穹。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156435023.png将篆文字形中的“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156671788.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156995330.png。附一文言版《説文解字》：天，顚也。至高無上，从一、大。
附二白话版《说文解字》：天，头顶。至高无上，字形由“一、大”构成。
11，乃nǎi“乃”是“奶”的本字。乃，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921991240.png是象形字，字形像女性胸部侧视时突出的乳峰。繁体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921316128.png在乳峰https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921121030.png上再加“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921976796.png，强调女性人类的体型特征。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921762450.png将甲骨文字形中的“人”形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921976796.png与乳峰形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921121030.png写成双乳峰形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921588017.png、https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921635534.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921490049.png承续金文文字形。造字本义：名词，女子的乳房。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921137995.png有所变形，字形与“弓”相似。有的隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921654913.png为区别于“弓”的字形，强化甲骨文字形中的“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921976796.png的字形，表示女人https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921420016.png的双乳https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104921129490.png。当“乃”的“乳房”本义消失后，隶书再加“女”另造“奶”代替。
附一文言版《説文解字》：乃，曳詞之難也。象气之出難。凡乃之屬皆从乃。data:image/png;base64,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，古文乃。data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAsAAAAOAQMAAADDr3TWAAAEC2dJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDoyOTVCOUREMTY4QzExMUU4ODJFRENGQTA5OEQ3RDI0QyIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDoyOTVCOUREMjY4QzExMUU4ODJFRENGQTA5OEQ3RDRDIj4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6OTVCOURDRjY4QzExMUU4ODJFRENGQTA5OEQ3RDI0QyIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD14bXAuZGlkOjI5NUI5REQwNjhDMTExRTg4MkVEQ0ZBMDk4N0QyNEMiLz4gPC9yZGY6RGVzY3JpcHRpb24+IDwvcmRmOlJERj4gPC94OnhtcG1ldGE+IDw/eHBhY2tldCBlbmQ9InI/PgH//v38+/r5+Pf29fTz8vHw7+7t7Ovq6ejn5uXk4+Lh397d3Nva2djX1tXU09LR0M/OzczLysnIx8bFxMPCwcC/vr28u7q5uLe2tbSzsrGwr66trKuqqainpqWko6KhoJ+enZybmpmYl5aVlJOSkZCPjo2Mi4qJiIeGhYSDgoGAf359fHt6eXh3dnV0c3JxcG9ubWxramloZ2ZlZGNiYWBfXl1cW1pZWFdWVVRTUlFQT05NTEtKSUhHRkVEQ0JBQD8+PTw7Ojk4NzY1NDMyMTAvLi0sKyopKCcmJSQjIiEgHx4dHBsaGRgXFhUUExIREA8ODQwLCgkIBwYFBAMCAQArp5URAAAAA3NCSVQBAQF8LneCAAAABlBMVEUAAAD///+l2Z/dAAAAAnRSTlP/AOW3MEoAAAABYktHRAH/Ai3eAAAADGNtUFBKQ21wMDcxMgAAAAdPbbelAAAAJElEQVQY02NoSGD4+4DhNwx9fsDw/wEDCwPD+wUM9xMQaF4CALuDE46dmN3TAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC，籀文乃。
附二白话版《说文解字》：乃，说话措词迟钝。字形像语气出口很难的样子。所有与乃相关的字，都采用“乃”作边旁。data:image/png;base64,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，这是古文写法的“乃”字。data:image/png;base64,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，这是籀文写法的“乃”字。

12.余yú余，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759255424.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759151279.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759403352.png（尖圆屋顶）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759514116.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759639070.png（才，房柱和横梁），表示单柱尖顶的简易建筑。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759909024.png将尖圆屋顶https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759403352.png写成“宀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759466897.png，明确“余”与“建筑”的关联。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759237815.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759769930.png在房柱https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759291607.png两侧加两点指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759852557.png，表示用三角支撑方式加固房柱。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759676006.png承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，单柱、无壁的尖顶茅屋，一种最简易的建筑，用于存放一般农资、杂物。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759540591.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759371499.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759850400.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：余，語之舒也。从八，舍省聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：余，表示语气舒缓的助词。字形采用“八”作边旁，采用省略了“囗”的“舍”作声旁。

13.度dùhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636846154.png，既是声旁也是形旁，是“庶”省略，即为“庶”的上半部，表示石块。度，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636711549.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636565234.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636725813.png（石，即“庶”的省略，石块、石料）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636968707.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636165749.png（又，抓持、测量），表示建筑施工时设计师或石匠测量、评估石料。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636584256.png将甲骨文字形中“庶”的省略https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636725813.png写成“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636617828.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636817973.png。造字本义：动词，测量、评估石料。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636978834.png将篆文字形中的“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636617828.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636817973.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636662846.png，将篆文字形中的“又”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636521436.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023636967623.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：度，法制也。从又，庶省聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：度，法制所依据的标准。字形采用“又”作边旁，采用省略了“四点底”的“庶”作声旁。

14.衰
shuāi“衰”是“蓑”的本字。衰，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739487559.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739206997.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739383157.png（衣领）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739670286.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739975065.png（大量向下披垂的棕毛），字形像领口之下棕毛下垂的服装。棕片由数层棕丝天然网织而成，末端是棕毛，它质地轻飘，疏而不漏，耐潮耐湿；古人将棕毛朝下的棕片连缀成“棕衣”，亦即俗称的“蓑衣”；雨水打在棕衣上时被数层“棕网”遮挡，并顺着棕丝和棕毛下淌到地上，穿蓑人可保干爽不湿，加之棕衣轻便，人们可以穿蓑在雨中劳作。穿蓑传统在当代部分农村地区仍有保留。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739502400.png将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739383157.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739981431.png，表示“领口”；将金文分开书写的两个“毛”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739975065.png连写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739898939.png，强调带棕毛的棕片被“连缀”成衣。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739723325.png将籀文字形中的“领口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739981431.png明确写成“衣”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739394535.png。造字本义：名词，用耐潮、耐湿的棕片缝制的雨衣。有的隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739527716.png误将棕毛披垂的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739773248.png（似“冄”非“冄”）写成“口”加一横https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739136649.png，导致“衰”的字形面目全非，“蓑衣”本义线索消失。有的楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739887532.png承续隶书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739723771.png；有的楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739233850.png承续隶书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105739527716.png。当“衰”的“蓑衣”本义消失后，再加“卄”（草）另造“蓑”代替。
附一文言版《説文解字》：衰，艸雨衣。秦謂之萆。从衣，象形。data:image/png;base64,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，古文衰。
附二白话版《说文解字》：衰，用草纺织的雨衣。这种雨衣在秦地叫作“萆”。字形采用“衣”作边旁，data:image/png;base64,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，像雨衣的样子。data:image/png;base64,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，这是古文写法的“衰”字。
15.岐qí支，既是声旁也是形旁，表示分开、分叉。“岐”是“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028990567.png”的异体字。https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028990567.png，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028625117.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028208374.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028569435.png（支，分开、分叉）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028532005.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028703939.png（邑，城镇），表示城镇有很多岔路。篆文异体字“岐”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028978355.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028208374.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028508092.png（山）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028532005.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028128371.png（支，分开、分叉），表示山头有很多岔路通向不同地方。造字本义：名词，很多岔路的山头或城镇。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028365636.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028508092.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028983611.png；将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028128371.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020028386878.png。附一文言版《説文解字》：data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAAPAQMAAAA4f7ZSAAAEDGdJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDo2MzJBRkY2NDM4NEExMUU2OTdDOTg4MzM4OTdBNjU3QiIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDo2MzJBRkY2NTM4NEExMUU2OTdDOTg4MzM4OTdBNjdCIj4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6NjMyRkY2MjM4NEExMUU2OTdDOTg4MzM4OTdBNjU3QiIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDo2MzJBRkY2MzM0QTExRTY5N0M5ODgzMzg5N0E2NTdCIi8+IDwvcmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uPiA8L3JkZjpSREY+IC94OnhtcG1ldGE+IDw/eHBhY2tldCBlbmQ9InIiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OLh4N/e3dzb2tnY19bV1NPS0dDPzs3My8rJyMfGxcTDwsHAv769vLu6ubi3trW0s7KxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQQDAgEAwt/zLwAAAANzQklUAQEBfC53ggAAAAZQTFRFAAAA////pdmf3QAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAAAAJ0Uk5T/wDltzBKAAAAAWJLR0QB/wIt3gAAADVJREFUGNNj+P2/geH3AyB+18BwIBdIvwXi10A2kH73DoK/voPIf30J5L9vYJif38Dw/30DABBCIiIYOBV9AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC，周文王所封，在右扶風美陽中水鄉。从邑，支聲。岐，data:image/png;base64,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或从山，支聲。因岐山以名之也。㟚，古文data:image/png;base64,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从支、从山。
附二白话版《说文解字》：data:image/png;base64,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，周文王所封的邦国，在右扶风美阳县中水乡。字形采用“邑”作边旁，采用“支”作声旁。岐，这是“data:image/png;base64,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”的异体字，采用“山”作边旁，采用“支”作声旁；这是因为岐山有两岐而用“岐”命名。㟚，这是古文写法的“data:image/png;base64,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”，字形采用“枝、山”会义。16妄.wàng亡，既是声旁也是形旁，通“无”，表示缺乏、没有。妄，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105103985158.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105103903946.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105103899044.png（亡，即“无”，表示无知）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105103113609.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105103223518.png（女，妇人），表示妇人之见无理无据。在男尊女卑的封建时代，女性普遍被剥夺教育权利，被鼓励以无知为德，也被普遍认为是无知、无理的弱者。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105103510591.png承续金文字形。造字本义：形容词，男尊女卑的男权社会对妇女的贬低，认为妇女没有见识，常常言行无理无据。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105103332195.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105103807746.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105103290858.png，将篆文字形中的“女”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105103752483.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105103415887.png。附一文言版《説文解字》：妄，亂也。从女，亡聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：妄，无理乱来。字形采用“女”作边旁，采用“亡”作声旁。

17jié曷，既是声旁也是形旁，是“揭”的省略，表示掀开、打开遮盖物。竭，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105856501686.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105856512710.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105856420984.png（立，站着）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105856548803.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105856241668.png（曷，即“揭”，掀开、打开遮盖物），表示蹲着发力，掀到站立。造字本义：动词，用尽全力由蹲而立，将重物掀起。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105856740124.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105856420984.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105856252977.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105856241668.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105856660035.png。附一文言版《説文解字》：竭，負舉也。从立，曷聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：竭，揹举。字形采用“立”作边旁，采用“曷”作声旁。

18恬.tián舌，既是声旁也是形旁，是“甜”的省略，表示如蜜的味觉快感。恬，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825999570.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825618657.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825443388.png（心）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825706091.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825170679.png（舌，“甜”省略），表示甜在心里。造字本义：形容词，内心怡然甜美。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825534676.png将篆文字形中的“心”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825443388.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825360931.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825170679.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825695227.png。楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825958789.png将隶书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825360931.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104825711279.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：恬，安也。从心，甛省聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：恬，内心安静。字形采用“心”作边旁，采用省略了“甘”的“甜”作声旁。

19.淡dàn炎，既是声旁也是形旁，是“啖”的省略，表示进食、体味。淡，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531889237.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531441879.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531519805.png（水，清汤）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531960977.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531929258.png（炎，即“啖”，进食，体味），表示清汤寡水，尝不出味道。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531895394.png将甲骨文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531519805.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531484751.png，将甲骨文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531929258.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531445765.png。造字本义：形容词，清汤寡水，没有滋味。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531749397.png将篆文字形中的“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531484751.png写成“三点水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020531537177.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：淡，薄味也。从水，炎聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：淡，食物的滋味浅薄。字形采用“水”作边旁，采用“炎”作声旁。

20嗜shì“耆”是“嗜”的本字。耆，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700772531.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700410525.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700600064.png（老，老人）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700978229.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700714715.png（甘，享受美食），造字本义：名词，保持一生的口味。“耆”作为单纯字件后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700226050.png再加“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700693107.png，另造“嗜”代替。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700580857.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700693107.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700718118.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700955954.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022700744597.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：嗜，嗜欲，喜之也。从口，耆聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：嗜，食欲，终生喜好的口味。字形采用“口”作边旁，“耆”作声旁。

21.槁gǎo高，既是声旁也是形旁，表示高大。槁，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922434304.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922518300.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922804773.png（林，树林）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922387480.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922236338.png（高，高大），表示林木长到最高状态。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922508588.png写成上下结构。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922403976.png调整成左右结构，并将“林”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922875308.png简化“木”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922534610.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922262848.png将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922558485.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922698615.png，并调整成包围结构。造字本义：形容词，林木生长到极限后渐失生机，衰老枯萎。隶化后简体楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922435713.png恢复甲骨文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021922403976.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：槀，木枯也。从木，高聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：槁，树木干枯。字形采用“木”作边旁，采用“高”作声旁。

22腑fǔ府，既是声旁也是形旁，表示国库。腑，甲金篆隶字形暂缺，楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530854384.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530946196.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530479334.png（月，“肉”，代组织器官）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530842825.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530222919.png（府，国库），表示身体的器官库。推测造字本义：名词，中医思想中储存安放胃、胆、膀胱、三焦、大小肠等诸多器官的体腔，也常泛指内脏器官。
23.脏zàng藏，既是声旁也是形旁，表示隐匿。臟，甲金篆隶字形资料暂缺，印刷体楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530688461.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530413086.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530609017.png（月，即“肉”，借代生理组织）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530209672.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530646350.png（藏，隐匿），表示内藏于胸腔、腹腔的生理组织。简化字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530675227.png以字形简单的声旁“庄”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530484053.png代替正体楷书字形中字形复杂的“藏”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104530646350.png。推测造字本义：名词，隐藏在胸腔、腹腔内部的组织器官，古人将它们分为心、肝、脾、肺、肾五大器官。古籍多以“脏”代替“臟”。由于读音与含义相近，《汉字简化方案》中用“臟”（脏）代替“髒”。
24.癸guǐ“癸”是“揆”的本字。癸，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613774688.png是个指事字：纵横交错的“乂”形指事符号表示东西与南北方向。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613506289.png在“乂”形符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613727238.png的四个方位上各加一短横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613684858.png，表示用仪器测量方位。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613289488.png将表示方位的短横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613672380.png误写成“又”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613340269.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613344069.png进一步突出了四个“又”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613594682.png的字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613452942.png承续金文字形。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613914183.png误将篆文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613452942.png上部的个“又”写成两个“止”的“癶”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613725599.png，误将篆文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613452942.png下部的两个“又”误成“矢”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613312955.png，变成会义结构。造字本义：动词，用仪器手工测量精确方位。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613506567.png将籀文字形中的“癶”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613725599.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613249787.png，将籀文字形中的“矢”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613312955.png写成“天”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613962612.png。当“癸”的本义消失后，籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613717268.png再加“手”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023613590858.png另造“揆”代替，强调手工测量。
附一文言版《説文解字》：癸，冬時，水土平，可揆度也。象水從四方流入地中之形。癸承壬，象人足。凡癸之屬皆从癸。data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA0AAAAPAQMAAAAF7dc0AAAEDGdJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDpFMTkxMzE5NkY5MzYxMUU5OEZCREI5OTQ5NkU0NjdERCIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDpFMTkxMzE5N0Y5MzYxMUU5OEZCREI5OTQ5NkU0NkREIj4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6RTE5MTM5NEY5MzYxMUU5OEZCREI5OTQ5NkU0NjdERCIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wZGlkOkUxOTEzMTk1RjkzNjExRTk4RkJEQjk5NDk2RTQ2N0REIi8+IDwvcmRmOmVzY3JpcHRpb24+IDwvcmRmOlJERj4gPC94OnhtcG1ldGE+IDw/eHBhY2tldCBlbmQ9InIiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08vHw7+7t7Ovq6ejn5uXk4+Lh4N/e3dzb2tnY19bV1NPS0dDPzs3My8rJyMfGxcTDwsHAv769vLu6ubi3trW0s7KxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQQDAgEAXlsljwAAAANzQklUAQEBfC53ggAAAAZQTFRFAAAA////pdmf3QAAAAJ0Uk5T/wDltzBKAAAAAWJLR0QB/wIt3gAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAAADVJREFUGNNj+PeDoekGw68dDNszGK5HMLzfwXD9BoNBAsPbHwx/fzAckGD49YPhewVIfP4NAPjgFmgbvfVWAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC，籀文从癶，从矢。
附二白话版《说文解字》：癸，代表冬令，这时水土平整，可以度量。“癸”的篆文字形，像水从四面流入耕地中央的样子。在天干顺序中，“癸”跟在“壬”后面，像人的脚。所有与癸相关的字，都采用“癸”作边旁。data:image/png;base64,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，这是籀文写法的“癸”字，采用“癶、矢”会义。

25.敝“㡀”是“敝”的本字；“敝”是“弊”的本字。㡀，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/23/20201023021347738859.gif（“敝”字局部）是指事字，字形在“巾”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/23/20201023021431696111.gif（用布帛制作的系佩衣饰）字上加表示碎片的四点指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/23/20201023021439437802.gif，表示将布帛衣物撕扯成碎片。当“㡀”成为单纯字件后，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020025949144859.gif再加“攴”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030013523421.gif（持械击打）另造“敝”代替，强调人为破坏布帛衣物。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030054389702.gif将“㡀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030002446929.gif简写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030410763321.gif。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105729955109.png加“十”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/23/20201023023652492403.gif（“又”的简写，用手抓），将甲骨文字形中的“㡀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030002446929.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105729248531.png，将甲骨文字形中的“攴”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030013523421.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/23/20201023025838440224.gif。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030108123879.gif基本承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：动词，将布帛衣物撕碎扯烂，人为破坏衣物。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030121914335.gif将篆文字形中的“㡀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030133800892.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030143659665.gif，将篆文字形中的“攴”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030150990346.gif写成“反文旁”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020030206352350.gif。当“敝”从动词“人为破坏衣物”引申出形容词含义“衣物陈旧破败”之后，隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020012317421226.gif再加“廾”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/20/20201020091157995905.gif（用双手抓）另造“弊”代替，强调“人为破坏”的含义。作形容词时，古籍多以“敝”代替“㡀”和“弊”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：敝，帗也。一曰敗衣。从攴，从㡀，㡀亦聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：敝，拔扯巾帛。另一种说法认为，“敝”是毁坏衣物的意思。字形采用“攴、㡀”会义，同时“㡀”也作声旁。

26.挈㓞，既是声旁也是形旁，表示用刀刃刻划。挈，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101024124438287.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101024124174626.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101024124431905.png（㓞，刻划）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101024124215536.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101024124972279.png（手，巴掌），表示刻在手掌上，比喻握手握得极深。造字本义：动词，手掌卡进对方手掌的虎口，牢牢地深握对方的手。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101024124876092.png将篆文字形中的“㓞”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101024124431905.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101024124567458.png，将篆文字形中的“手”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101024124972279.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101024124851979.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：挈，縣持也。从手，㓞聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：挈，悬提着。字形采用“手”作边旁，采用“㓞”作声旁。27.chēn嗔真，既是声旁也是形旁，是“慎”的省略，表示小心克制。嗔，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022901985136.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022901362079.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022901448094.png（口，怒骂）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022901831384.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022901466988.png（真，即“慎”），表示慎于怒骂，克制愤怒。造字本义：动词，心怀愤怒，但克制住不怒骂。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022901118077.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022901448094.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022901330451.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022901466988.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022901152296.png。附一文言版《説文解字》：嗔，盛气也。从口、眞聲。《詩》曰：振旅嗔嗔。
附二白话版《说文解字》：嗔，火气盛大。字形采用“口”作边旁，采用“真”作声旁。《诗经》中说道：“凯旋队伍火气很盛。”
28虐，nüè既是声旁也是形旁，表示折磨。瘧，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101247989.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101426429.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101169131.png（疒，病）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101169160.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101360554.png（虐，折磨）。造字本义：名词，一种忽寒忽热、对病人折腾不休的风寒病。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101829194.png将篆文字形中的“疒”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101169131.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101555912.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101360554.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101466509.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“疟”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101543604.png，省去正体楷书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101316020.png。附一文言版《説文解字》：瘧，熱寒休作。从疒，从虐，虐亦聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：疟，冷热交替，不停地发作。字形采用“疒、虐”会义。“虐”也作声旁。
29.坼chè“坼”是“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/4/20/20210420030429149369.gif”的异体字。“斥”是“㡿”的异体字；“斥”也是“拆”的本字。㡿，既是声旁也是形旁，表示拆除建筑。https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/4/20/20210420030429149369.gif，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/3/31/20210331093429916920.gifhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020259311117.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/3/31/20210331093440747408.gif（土，地层）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020259945032.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/3/31/20210331093446291002.gif（㡿，拆除建筑），表示拆开地层，比喻地层遭到外力强制性的破坏而开裂。造字本义：动词，由于大旱或地震等原因，地层开裂。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/4/20/20210420032340542034.gif将篆文字形中的“㡿”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/3/31/20210331093446291002.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/4/20/20210420032359822501.gif。俗体楷书“坼”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/3/31/20210331093531194677.gif将“㡿”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/4/20/20210420032359822501.gif写成异体字“斥”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/3/31/20210331093538955304.gif。古籍多以“坼”代替“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/4/20/20210420030429149369.gif”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：坼，裂也。《詩》曰：“不https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/4/20/20210420030527444061.gif不疈。”从土㡿聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：坼，土地开裂。《诗经》上有诗句唱道：“不https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2021/4/20/20210420030527444061.gif不副”。字形采用“土”作边旁，采用“㡿”作声旁。

30.痿wěi委，既是声旁也是形旁，是“萎”的省略，表示干枯萎缩。痿，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126946550.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126465713.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126142359.png（疒，疾病）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126408273.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126562113.png（委，即“萎”），表示组织或器官由于疾病而萎缩。造字本义：动词，由于神经系受损或失调，身体组织或器官出现萎缩，失去正常生理功能。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126656361.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126142359.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126765914.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126562113.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126173834.png。古籍常假借“委”代替“痿”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：痿，痹也。从疒，委聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：痿，麻痹无感觉。字形采用“疒”作边旁，采用“委”作声旁。

31.jué欮”是“厥”的本字；“厥”是“瘚”的本字。欮，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855148952.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855346901.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855261649.png（屰，即“逆”的本字）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855214466.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855262237.png（欠，叹息，借代呼吸），表示逆呼吸，即反呼吸、无呼吸。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/11/24/20201124051317191761.gif将金文字形中的“屰”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855261649.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/11/24/20201124051843112634.gif，将金文字形中的“欠”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855262237.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/11/24/20201124051336334510.gif。当“欮”作为单纯字件后，籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/11/24/20201124051403887815.gif加“尸”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/11/24/20201124051438578658.gif（人体）另造“厥”代替，强调呼吸骤停的人体健康症状。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/11/24/20201124051525907410.gif误将籀文字形中的“尸”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/11/24/20201124051438578658.gif简化成“厂”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855591951.png。造字本义：形容词，昏晕，中医认为是突然气闭昏晕或四肢僵直；西医称休克，认为大脑一时性缺血、缺氧引起的短暂的意识丧失。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855441150.png将篆文字形中的“欮”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/11/24/20201124051317191761.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855636782.png。当“厥”的本义弱化后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855473346.png再加“疒”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104855947744.png（病变）另造“瘚”代替，强调“厥”为一种病症。
附一文言版《説文解字》：厥，發石也。从厂，欮聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：厥，发射石块。字形采用“厂”作边旁，采用“欮”作声旁。

32.
二熟读吟诵已经发微盘。

三简单心得1.2.如何做到不生病？遵守着重之道，对于四时不正之气，能够及时回避。思想上清静安闲，无欲无求，真气深藏顺从，精神持守于内而不耗散所以不会生病。心志亲涉，私欲很少，心情安宁，没有恐惧，形体虽然劳动，但不过分疲倦。真气从容和顺。过度的嗜好不会干扰他的视听，淫乱邪说也不会惑乱他的心志。智力高低都不追求身外之物，合于养身之道，故能够度过百岁。------如何做到思想清静安闲，真气深藏，精神持守于内而不耗散，私欲少，心情安宁，没有恐惧。则需要去学习《本经》，《素书》《道德经》《周易》。3养生必须合道，光学了术数而不合道的话则不可能达到养身。
4黄帝生而是真人，(真人者，同天而合道，执一而养万类，怀天心，施德养，无为以包志虑思意
而行威势者也)
5上古之人，其知道者，法于阴阳，知于术数，食饮有节，起居有常，不妄作劳，故能形与神俱，而尽终其天年。
6.欲多，追求感官快乐，违背养生之道，所以就早衰。绝嗜禁欲，所以除累。

7如何做到法于阴阳，知于术数，食饮有节，起居有常，不妄作劳？首先人得神盛志坚，意实，精神内守，观天之道执天之行，转圆积德，才可做到。
8养生，学贤人，能效法天地的变化，取象日月的升降。分辨星辰的运行，顺从阴阳的消长。根据四时气候变化来调养身体，追随上古真人，以求合于养生之道，这样，可以延长寿命而接近自然的天寿。根据四时的变化，来顺应这个变化，做到春三月，百三月夜卧早起。秋三月，早卧早起。冬三月早卧晚起。同时，神志活动也要顺应这个变化。春三月是夜卧早起，广步于庭，被发缓形，以使志生。夏三月不要厌恶白天太长，心中没有郁怒。秋三月，早卧早起，和鸡同时活动，使志安宁，以缓秋刑。收敛神气，使秋气平。冬三月，早卧晚起，使志若伏若匿，若有私意，若已有得。要养身除了要生活方式顺应四时变化外，首先得积德，以德养五气，心能得一，乃有其术。五气足，志坚，意实，积德转圆满，才可观天之道，执天之行。顺应四时之变化，修身养志。志坚，意实，转圆才可损兑。观天地之势合道，得心舒神，神盛，志坚。神越盛志越坚，越观得到天之道，越顺应得了四时之变，越能舍神养神，志坚，实意，积德转圆，损兑自如。

睿涵发表于 2021-6-25 15:19:32

简单心得

本帖最后由睿涵于 2021-6-25 17:51 编辑

上古天真论，-------要达到延年益寿，就得和真人，至人，圣人，贤人一样，合道，德厚，合阴阳，精神盛，志坚。四气调神大论篇第二，------在天地四时这气的变化中调摄好精神情志是养生的关键，如何养志气？春三月，夜卧早起，广步于庭。被发缓形，以使志生。-----万物复苏的季节，这时候，自己的身体也会感到喜欢动，可以夜卧早起，舒展筋骨，使神志随着生发之气而舒畅，因为本身身体里的气血也随着大地生发起来，所以会感到喜欢到外面去活动，这时候，顺着这个规律而舒缓身体，身心会得到一致。
夏三月，夜卧早起，无厌于日。使志无怒，使华英成秀。使气得泄，若所爱在外。-----因为白天和夜晚短，所以跟着天亮天黑的程度来睡觉起床，不要讨厌白天长，认真做事情而没有怒气，生龙活虎的做事情使气得泄，到外面追自己所爱一般。跟着天的规律来作息。不要我得做事情太多而烦。
秋三月，草木成熟的季节，早卧早起，和鸡同进活动，保持意志安定，从而舒缓秋天轻急之气对身体的影响。精神内守不急不躁，使秋天，肃杀之气得以平和。不使意志外驰，使肺气清和均匀。这就是与秋收之气相应，是养收的方法。
冬三月万物生机潜伏闭藏的季节。早臣晚起，必待日光。使志若伏若匿，若有私意。若已有得，去寒就温。无泄皮肤，使气亟夺。--------避开寒凉，保持温暖。不要让皮肤开张出法，而频繁耗阳气。
四时阴阳者，万物之根本也。所以圣人春夏养阳，秋冬养阴，以从其根。逆其根，则伐其本，坏其真参。故阴阳四时者，万物之终始也，死生之本。逆之则灾害生，从之则苛疾不起。是谓得道。----------道，圣人行之，愚者背之。从阴阳则生，逆之则死，从之则治，逆之则乱。--------同素中有道则吉，无道则凶。逆者难从，顺者易行，难从则乱，易行则理。所以，圣人不治已病治未病，不治已乱治未乱。
故要合大道养生。

睿涵发表于 2021-6-27 06:55:59

本帖最后由睿涵于 2021-6-30 10:23 编辑

6.27.本周任务，按上周要求完成：生气通天论篇第三和金匮真言论篇第四。
1具体要求：
1、查询生僻字，正音，抄写、熟读吟诵，用翻译的方式理通文意，每周简明心得。最后大约八周按日布置作业，梳理一些主要信息。
2、每周2章（少数章节过长过短在进程中适当调整），分两段，本段素问50周。
生气通天论
一抄写原文
1黄帝曰：夫自古通天者，生之本，本于阴阳。天地之间六合之内，其气九州、九窍、五藏、十二节，皆通乎天气。其生五，其气三。数犯此者，则邪气伤人。此寿命之本也。

二查字正音
1.六合：四方上下为“六合”
2.九州：古指冀、兖yan、青、徐、扬、荆、豫、梁、雍为九州。九窍：上七窍：耳二、目二、口一、鼻孔二；下二窍：前阴，后阴。十二节：四肢各有三大关节，上肢：腕、肘、肩；下肢：踝、膝、髋，共十二节。
3.其生五：其指天之阴阳，五指金、木、水、火、土五行。
4其气三，指阴阳之气各有三阴三阳。5.数‘’shù數，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043147908.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043574220.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043237156.png（双手，表示体罚）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043216523.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043476550.png（人，代表受罚者）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043216523.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043477391.png（目，代表脸）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043216523.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043325264.png（言，表示责骂），表示列举孩子的错误，并加以体罚、教训。诅楚文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043857170.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043574220.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043134017.png（双手，体罚）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043216523.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043165690.png（人，代表受罚者）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043216523.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043119131.png（今，即“吟”和“念”的本字，念念有词）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043216523.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043369706.png（女，妇人）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043216523.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043318124.png（攴，持械打击），表示对犯有过错的妇女念念有词地责骂，进行体罚。在男权占优势的社会，妇女是常常受罚的弱势群体。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043352537.png误将诅楚文的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043382830.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043414907.png。造字本义：动词，列举过错，并加以惩罚。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043988976.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043913670.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043891172.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043673749.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043842618.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“数”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043445467.png，依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书的“婁”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043891172.png写成“娄”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111043951655.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：數，計也。从攴，婁聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：数，计算。字形采用“攴”作边旁，采用“娄”作声旁。

6.犯‘fàn犬，既是声旁也是形旁，是“狂”的省略，表示发疯。犯，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710357909.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710283954.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710315210.png（犬，即“狂”的省略，疯狗）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710323490.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710646579.png（犯，即“人”的变形），表示疯狗侵袭人。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710616705.png将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710315210.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710786166.png。造字本义：动词，疯狗侵袭、攻击陌生人。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710592410.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710786166.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710739641.png，将篆文字形中的“犯”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710646579.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021710581470.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：犯，侵也。从犬，巳聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：犯，狗侵袭人。字形采用“犬”作边旁，采用“巳”作声旁。

7邪xié“琊”和“邪”是“玡”的异体字。牙，既是声旁也是形旁，是“讶”的省略，表示惊诧无语。玡，甲金篆隶字形暂缺，楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123806112.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123351088.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123708574.png（王，玉，即“琅”，玉砌回廊）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123425811.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123252396.png（牙，即“讶”），表示美得令人惊讶的玉砌回廊。楷书异体字“琊”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123985407.png加“双耳旁”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123378593.png（邑，借代宫殿），强调宫殿区内的玉砌廷廊。楷书异体字“邪”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123991706.png（篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123581731.png）省去“琊”字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123985407.png中的“王”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123369772.png（玉）。造字本义：名词，宫殿区内令人惊艳的玉砌回廊。古籍多以“琊”代替“玡”。“琅”和“瑯”（郎）是宫殿区内用冰清玉洁的白色大理石砌成的廷廊；“玡”和“琊”（邪）是宫殿区内令人惊艳的玉砌回廊。因此古籍中“琅玡”也写作“琅琊”，或写作“琅邪”，或写作“瑯琊”，或写作“瑯邪”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：邪，琅邪郡。从邑，牙聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：邪，琅邪郡。字形采用“邑”作边旁，采用“牙”作声旁。

8伤shānghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850342166.png，既是声旁也是形旁，是“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850448386.png”的省略，表示中箭。傷，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850666198.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850734496.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850104664.png（人，士兵）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850634344.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850938881.png（https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850363354.png，即“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850147324.png”，中箭），表示士兵中箭。造字本义：动词，身体中箭受创。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850858625.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850104664.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850887460.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850938881.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850170506.png。《汉字简化方案》中简体楷书“伤”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850981592.png，依据草书字形，将正体楷书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850170506.png简化成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104850202408.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：傷，創也。从人，data:image/png;base64,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省聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：伤，创伤。字形采用“人”作边旁，采用省略了“矢”的“data:image/png;base64,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”作声旁。

9寿shòu“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509860738.png”是“壽”的本字。https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509860738.png，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509416890.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509355496.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509613619.png（是“卐”的一半，是“卐”的简写形式，表示无限延伸）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509918219.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509368009.png（夕，即“肉”，借代身体）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509918219.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509159235.png（夕，即“肉”，借代身体），表示肉身长久延续。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509867681.png在甲骨文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509416890.png基础上加“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509564441.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509809384.png（老），表示生命长久，活到年老。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509929491.png加“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509689233.png（道贺），表示向长命老人道贺。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509471839.png加“又”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509987264.png（操持），表示手奉礼物，为长命老人庆贺。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509872090.png加“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509103448.png、加“又”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509622687.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509207698.png承续金文字形。造字本义：形容词，命长，活到很老。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509376350.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509207698.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509294454.png，并加“寸”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509115911.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509966924.png，依据草书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509190370.png，将正体楷书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509294454.png简化成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104509178247.png。长命为“寿”；多签为“筹”；广田为“畴”，大浪为“涛”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：壽，久也。从老省，data:image/png;base64,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聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：寿，活得长久。字形采用“老”字有所省略的“data:image/png;base64,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”作边旁，采用“data:image/png;base64,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”作声旁。

10命mìng“令”与“命”同源，后分化。令，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100183084.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100512753.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100146455.png（朝下的“口”）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100978905.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100579074.png（人，等候指示的下级），表示上级指示下级。当“令”成为常规名词后，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100230268.png再加“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100941361.png另造“命”，代替“令”的本义动词功能，强调“开口发令”。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100410905.png承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，上级向下级开口发话，作出权威性指示。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100696873.png误将篆文字形中的“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100552542.png写成“单耳旁”的“卩”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100739311.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：命，使也。从口，从令。
附二白话版《说文解字》：命，使令。字形采用“口、令”会义。

11本běn本，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308160567.png是指事字，字形在树https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308432323.png的根部加三点指事符号，表示树在地下的营养器官。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308601831.png在树https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308142523.png的下方加倒三角https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308418790.png，表示扎入地下的根系。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308619864.png将根部的三点简写成一横。造字本义：名词，树的根部。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308380535.png将篆文字形中的树枝形状https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308401488.png简化成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308195765.png。“木”是象形字，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308335732.png像一株树，上部是枝下部是根；“本”是指事字，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308160567.png在树根部位加三点指事符号，表示树在地下的营养器官；“末”是指事字，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308188902.png在树梢部位加一点指事符号，表示尾端；“未”是象形字，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308148182.png像树上枝桠重重，表示枝叶茂盛；“果”是象形字，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308241017.png像树上结满球状实籽；“朱”是指事字，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308537627.png在主杆部位加一点指事符号，表示树干；“林”是会义字，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308689451.png像树连树的样子；“森”是会义字，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021308997387.png比“林”多一“木”，表示“森”为“大林”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：本，木下曰本。从木，一在其下。
附二白话版《说文解字》：本，树的下部叫“本”。字形采用“木”作边旁，指事符号“一”表示位置在树的下部。

12阴yīn侌，既是声旁也是形旁，是“霒”的本字，表示天空多云、没有阳光、有雨情。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921646206.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921881364.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921304561.png（阜，山地）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921456004.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921821340.png（侌，天空多云、没有阳光），表示山地背阳、缺少阳光的北坡。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921916437.png将金文字形中的“阜”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921304561.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921180529.png，将金文字形中的“侌”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921821340.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921565602.png。造字本义：名词，山地背阳的潮湿北坡。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921398691.png将篆文字形中的“阜”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921180529.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921733171.png，将篆文字形中的“侌”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921565602.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921843900.png。《汉字简化方案》用“月”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921397170.png（与“日”相对，表示没有阳光）代替正体楷书字形中的“侌”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921107120.png（天空多云而没有阳光）另造会义字“阴”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015921438816.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：陰，闇也。水之南、山之北也。从data:image/png;base64,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，侌聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：阴，昏暗无光。阴坡，在河川南面、山岭北面。字形采用“左耳旁”（阜）作边旁，采用“侌”作声旁。

13阳yáng昜，既是声旁也是形旁，是“暘”的本字，表示日光照耀。陽，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922430037.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922336182.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922461873.png（阜，山地）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922510100.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922995689.png（昜，即“暘”，日光照射），表示受光的山坡。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922207336.png在甲骨文中“昜”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922146776.png（日光照射）的字形上加“彡”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922949386.png（光影），表示日光照射物体产生的投影。造字本义：名词，山地受光的南坡。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922803819.png承续金文字形。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922168901.png将篆文字形中的“阜”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922690386.png写成“左耳旁”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922129822.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“阳”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922373841.png，以“日”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922450235.png代正体楷书的“易”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015922317130.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：陽，高、明也。从data:image/png;base64,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，昜聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：阳，高而亮。字形采用“左耳旁”（阜）作边旁，采用“昜”作声旁。

14藏zàng“臧”是“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104614656619.png”的异体字；而“臧”是“藏”的本字。爿，既是声旁也是形旁，表示睡卧之床。https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104614656619.png，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081420683690.gifhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104614883437.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081428119618.gif（臣，即“目”的竖写，睡卧）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104614989840.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081437461809.gif（戈，武器），表示受害人在熟睡时遭到戕杀。简体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104614496919.png承续甲骨文字形。繁体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081517145841.gif用“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081529322166.gif（嘴，借代活着的人）代替“臣”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081428119618.gif（竖目，借代睡觉的人），并加“爿”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081543939066.gif（睡卧之床），强调受害人在熟睡时遭到杀人灭口的谋害。有的繁体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081603442058.gif加“走”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081614808781.gif（逃跑），强调逃避戕害死难。篆文“臧”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010083745999839.gif综合甲骨文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081420683690.gif和金文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081517145841.gif，形成“臣、戕”会义的结构，字形由“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104614656619.png”演变成“臧”。当“臧”由“设谋戕杀”引申出“逃避、躲藏”的含义后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081901196618.gif再加“艸”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081909500192.gif（遮蔽）另造“藏”代替，表示利用草丛树林的遮挡，隐蔽、掩护自己。造字本义：动词，利用遮挡物的掩护隐蔽、隐匿，躲避追寻。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011070403533800.gif将篆文字形中的“艸”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010081909500192.gif写成“草头”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011070412308844.gif，将篆文字形中的“臧”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/10/20201010083745999839.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011070420708472.gif。作为名词“珍宝”时，“藏”合并代替了“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011055018537374.gif”和“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011071631695880.gif”。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------“藏”字合并代替了“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011060738511162.gif（zàng）”和“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011071631695880.gif（zàng）”。爿，既是声旁也是形旁，表示睡卧之床。https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011060738511162.gif，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011061024570979.gifhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104614883437.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011061033805456.gif（宀，房屋）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104614989840.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011061046916000.gif（爿，卧床）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104614989840.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011061054710878.gif（酉，陶罐、酒坛），表示把宝物珍藏在家中最私密的床底下的陶罐里。先秦隶书“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011071631695880.gif”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011061311237200.gifhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104614883437.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011061340944415.gif（臧，即“藏”的本字，躲藏、藏匿）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104614989840.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011061348597671.gif（貝，珍宝），明确“隐藏珍宝”的含义。造字本义：名词，小心珍藏的传家宝。古籍多以“藏”代替“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011060738511162.gif”和“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011071631695880.gif”；而“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011060738511162.gif”字和“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/10/11/20201011071631695880.gif”字已被废弃。
附一文言版《説文解字》：藏，匿也。臣鉉等案：《漢書》通用臧字。从艸，後人所加。
附二白话版《说文解字》：藏，隐匿。臣铉等案：《汉书》上“臧”字与“藏”字相通用。字形采用“艸”作边旁，这个“草头”是后人所加。

15通tōng用，既是声旁也是形旁，表示可使器物。通，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050135646.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050565549.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050616634.png（辵，行进）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050383825.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050270509.png（用，借代物用），表示物用来往，交流有无。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050520752.png误将甲骨文字形中的“用”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050270509.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050679923.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050190213.png误将甲骨文字形中的“用”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050270509.png写成“甬”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050243894.png。造字本义：动词，不同部落或聚邑彼此来往，交换物用。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050664455.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050421674.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050548957.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050243894.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050908841.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：通，達也。从辵，甬聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：通，直达。字形采用“辵”作边旁，“甬”作声旁。

16生shēng生，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144642831.png是指事字，在草叶https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144179224.png（屮）下面加一横表示地面的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144118039.png，表示新芽破土而出。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144392609.png用“土”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144502195.png代替表示地面的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144118039.png，成为会义字：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144392609.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144359224.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144179224.png（屮，新芽）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144703841.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144502195.png（土，地面），表示地面上有新芽冒出。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144847946.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144557374.png承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：动词，草木破土萌发。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144825617.png将篆文上部的“屮”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144640890.png简化成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144511849.png，失去植物嫩叶萌发https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144640890.png的形象。古籍常假借“生”代替“性”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：生，進也。象艸木生出土上。凡生之屬皆从生。
附二白话版《说文解字》：生，发育进展。象草从泥土上长出。所有与生相关的字，都采用“生”作边旁。

17气qì气，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/9/20200609055344569606.gif是特殊指事字，字形在表示天地的“二”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128288649.png的两横之间加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128880315.png，代表天地之间的汽流。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128415091.png为了使之区别于数目字“三”，将第一横写成折笔https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128782639.png。为了有交区别于数目字“三”，有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128782967.png甲骨文字形中表示天地的上下两横都写成折笔https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128793716.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/9/20200609055706310618.gif将甲骨文字形中的三横都写成了波浪线，字形由指事字变成了象形字，像汽流起伏的样子。造字本义：名词，易于在天地之间均匀扩散、飘逸的第三态物质，汽流。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/9/20200609055817962531.gif有所变形。“气”是天地间容易飘逸、扩散的自然汽流；“氣”是人体内因肠胃消化食物而产生的气体。《汉字简化方案》用“气”合并“氣”。“乞”是“气”字减去中间一笔的特殊指事字：飘逸、扩散的汽流为“气”；短气为“乞”。附一文言版《説文解字》：气，雲气也。象形。凡气之屬皆从气。
附二白话版《说文解字》：气，像流动的雲气。象形字。所有与气相关的字，都采用“气”作边旁。
对应关系
五行相生：木→火→土→金→水
木生火，火生土，土生金，金生水，水生木
阳木克火，阳火克土，阳土克金，阳金克活水，阳水克木
木生火：木干暖生火；
火生土：火焚木生土；
土生金：土藏矿生金；
金生水：金凝结生水；
水生木：水润泽生木。
五行相克：金→木→土→水→火
金克木，木克土，土克水，水克火，火克金
刚胜柔，故金胜木；因为刀具可砍伐树木；
专胜散，故木胜土；因为树木可扎根土里；
实胜虚，故土胜水；因为堤坝可阻止水流；
众胜寡，故水胜火；因为大水可熄灭火焰；
精胜坚，故火胜金；因为烈火可熔化金属。
看似相克，其实是相生。
https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/738b4710b912c8fcf1a952ccfa039245d688215c?x-bce-process=image/resize,m_lfit,w_220,limit_1/format,f_auto
图3 五行(5张)天干与五行、方位的关系（见图3）：
甲为栋梁之木，东方。乙为花果之木，东方。
丙为太阳之火，南方。丁为灯烛之火，南方。
戊为城墙之土，中方。己为田园之土，中方。
庚为斧钺之金，西方。辛为首饰之金，西方。
壬为江河之水，北方。癸为雨滴之水，北方。
五行与方位、天干、颜色、神兽的关系：
木：东方，甲乙，青色，青龙
火：南方，丙丁，红色，朱雀
土：中央，戊己，黄色，应龙
金：西方，庚辛，白色，白虎
水：北方，壬癸，黑色，玄武

五行与八卦的对应关系
金---乾、兑：乾为天，兑为泽；
火---离：离为火；
木---震、巽：震为雷，巽为风；
水---坎：坎为水；
土---艮、坤：艮为山，坤为地。
九宫八卦五行：（见表3）
五星古称五纬，是天上五颗行星，木曰岁星，火曰荧惑星，土曰镇星，金曰太白星，水曰辰星。五行运行，以二十八星宿为区划，由于它的轨道距日道不远，古人用以纪日。五星一般按木火土金水的顺序，相继出现于北极天空，每星各行72天，五星合周天360度。根据五星出没的天象而绘制的河图，也是五行的来源。因在每年的十一月冬至前，水星见于北方，正当冬气交令，万物蛰伏，地面上唯有冰雪和水，水行的概念就是这样形成的。七月夏至后，火星见于南方，正当夏气交令，地面上一片炎热，火行的概念就是这样形成的。三月春分，木星见于东方，正当春气当令，草木萌芽生长，所谓“春到人间草木知”，木行的概念就是这样形成的。九月秋分，金星见于西方，古代以多代表兵器，以示秋天杀伐之气当令，万物老成凋谢，金行由此而成。五月土星见于中天，表示长夏湿土之气当令，木火金水皆以此为中点，木火金水引起的四时气候变化，皆从地面上观测出来的，土行的概念就是这样形成的。五行天文
五行地理
五行学说里，南方属于火，东方属于木，北方属于水，西方属于金，中央属土，协助金木水火的平衡。
季节关系
五行是指气体的五种运动方式。
春天属木，代表气体向四周扩散的运动方式。春天，花草树木生长茂盛，树木的枝条向四周伸展，养料往枝头输送，所以春属木。
夏天属火，代表气体向上的运动方式。火的特点就是向上，夏天各种植物向上生长，长势迅猛，所以夏属火。
长夏属土，长夏是夏和秋之间的一段过度期，天气湿热，庄稼走向成熟的一段时期，所以长夏属土。
秋天属金，代表气体向内收缩的运动方式。金的特点是稳固，秋天收获，人们储蓄粮食为过冬作准备，树叶凋落，所以秋属金。
冬天属水，代表气体向下的运动方式。水往低处流，冬天万物休眠，为春天蓄积养料，所以冬属水．
古人认为一年可细分为五季，分别对应木、火、土、金、水五行。

五行时间
干支历是以60组各不相同的天干地支标记年、月、日、时的一种历法，是中国所特有的阳历。它以立春为岁首，年长即回归年，用二十四节气划分出十二个月，没有闰月。干支历能反映出一年四季的气候变化。
所以干支历的月份按五行来说：
寅、卯、辰月属木，主宰春季，代表东方；
巳、午、未月属火，主宰夏季，代表南方；
申、酉、戌月属金，主宰秋季，代表西方；
亥、子、丑月属水，主宰冬季，代表北方；
辰、未、戌、丑，单个而言都属土，为四方土，主宰四季最后一个月。
节气歌
春雨（寅）惊春（卯）清谷天（辰），
夏满（巳）芒夏（午）暑相连（未），
秋处（申）露秋（酉）寒霜降（戌），
冬雪（亥）雪冬（子）小大寒（丑）。
节气歌，每两个字为一个月，以节为始，以气为本。（以第一字为节，第二字为气，两字一月）
古语云：天开于子，地辟于丑，人生于寅。自混沌鸿蒙，开天辟地，人立其中，天、地、人三才立，万物成。清者上浮为天，浊者下降为地，圣人立于天地之间，仰观天文，俯察地理，调节阴阳，和谐万物。天道重子，地道重丑，人道重寅。故以寅月为岁首，立春为岁首元旦，此为干支阳历之法。
木，始于寅（立春），旺于卯（春分至极），接地气于辰（清明）。圣人立法，以木为人，人生于寅，重寅月，立春为元旦，人气旺于卯（春分），及至清明，人气入土，是为辰月，人气入土，乃人气衰而入墓之象，世人哀之，故以人气入土，设辰月清明节扫墓祭奠之。木气入土，犹人入墓，折柳喻木，寒食禁火，辰月清明也。
火，始于巳（立夏），旺于午（夏至至极），接地气于未（小暑），太阳虽炙热至极，然炙烤大地，与大地产生反应，产生暑气效果，需要时日，当在未月（小暑），日接地气，暑气形成，天地同热。
土，旺于四季，四季之末月：辰、未、戌、丑，皆为土。人虽贵为三才之一，然终为土所造，生于地，立于地，制于地，归于地。人一生皆离不开土。辰、未、戌、丑皆为地球地气与太阳阳气，产生剧烈反应的四个土月。
金，始于申（立秋），旺于酉（秋分至极），接地气于戌（寒露），秋高气爽，天凉接地气，凝为露水，是为戌月（寒露）。
水，始于亥（立冬），旺于子（冬至至极），接地气于丑（小寒），天寒地冻，天寒接地气，地始冻，是为丑月（小寒）。
三翻译1.黄帝说：“自古以来人的生命活动与自然界的变化就是息息相通的。这是生命的根本，生命的根本是阴阳。在天地之间，四方上下之同人，无论是地之九州，还是人的九窍、五脏、十二节，都与自然之气相通。天之阴阳化生地之五行之气，地之五行双上应之三阴三阳。如果经常违反阴阳变化的规律，那么邪气就会伤害人体。所以说阴阳是寿命的根本。

四熟读吟诵
五简单心得：自古以来人的生命活动与自然界的变化就是息息相通的，生命的根本就是阴阳。观天之道，执天之行，尽矣。夫人之所行，有道则吉，无道则凶。阴阳是自然界变化的根本规律，而我们如昆经常违反这个规律，那么邪气就会伤害人体。所以说阴阳是寿命令的根本。

睿涵发表于 2021-6-30 11:09:56

本帖最后由睿涵于 2021-7-2 22:31 编辑

一查字正音1.顺shùn川，既是声旁也是形旁，表示水流。順，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155529665.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155402416.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155849853.png（川，水流）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155991203.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155746893.png（見，即“頁”，头脑，借代思虑），表示思绪舒畅。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155840182.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155997226.png用“心”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155304135.png代替“頁”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155746893.png，表示心情舒畅。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155134133.png将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155958994.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155590622.png。造字本义：形容词，心情舒畅，没有郁结。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155510046.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155590622.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155988293.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“顺”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155347507.png，依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“頁”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155328918.png简化成“页”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105155859597.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：順，理也。从頁，从巛。
附二白话版《说文解字》：顺，梳理，使有序。字形采用“页、巛”会义。

2.贼zéi則，既是声旁也是形旁，表示铭刻在青铜钟鼎上的律法、章程。賊，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023006255152.gifhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111148391115.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023021560417.gif（戈，武器）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111148840670.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023037279479.gif（則，铭刻在青铜钟鼎上的律法、章程），表示武力行事，践踏律法。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023127445233.gif将金文字形中的“則”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023037279479.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023338168595.gif。造字本义：动词，军人依仗武力威胁，冒天下之大不韪，公然破坏道统或律法，篡夺政权。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023234447134.gif误将篆文字形“則”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023338168595.gif、“戈”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023901535037.gif会义的结构，写成“貝”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023539325552.gif、“戎”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023549917826.gif会义的结构。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“贼”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111148184693.png，依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“貝”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/4/20200304023539325552.gif简化成“贝”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111148504609.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：賊，敗也。从戈，則聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：贼，败坏道统或律法。字形采用“贝”作边旁，采用“则”作声旁。
附三网友坐看云起的观点：“贼”字是“戈”和“则”组成，原意可能是指用武力改变规则，而不是偷的意思。

3.壅yōng雍，既是声旁也是形旁，表示堵塞。壅，甲金篆字形暂缺，隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020300871117.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020300653100.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020300910691.png（雍，堵塞）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020300880860.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020300905485.png（土），表示用泥土堵塞。推测造字本义：动词，用土堵塞、堆填。楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020300502851.png将隶书字形中的“广”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020300253686.png简写成一点一横的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020300467769.png。
4削xuē肖，既是声旁也是形旁，表示相像。削，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105723474390.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105724342165.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105724711021.png（肖，相像）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105724246298.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105724510067.png（刀，刮切、剔刻），表示用刀具刮切、剔刻，以仿造出形似的某物。造字本义：动词，用刀在物体表面刮切、剔刻，使所加工之物与仿造物相象。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105724473155.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105724711021.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105724486461.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105724510067.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105724812504.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：削，鞞也。一曰析也。从刀，肖聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：削，套刀套剑的皮壳。一种说法认为，“削”是分割。字形采用“刀”作边旁，采用“肖”作声旁。
4贼邪：贼风邪气，泛指外界致病因素。
5.治：平和调畅。
6.彰zhāng“章”是“彰”的本字。章，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208528350.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208521205.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208438304.png（辛，带木柄的刻刀）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208443929.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208739647.png（囗，木、石的圆形横截面），表示用刻刀https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208438304.png在圆形的木、石横截面https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208739647.png上刻划姓名或标识性的文字，沾上红色印泥后，可以印在高级文件或书画作品的结尾位置，作为个人特有地位或身份的醒目标识。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208441055.png在圆圈https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208739647.png内加一横指事符号，将圆形的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208739647.png写成“日”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208749052.png，表示在圆形的木、石横截面上刻划图文。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208122456.png加“又”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208310174.png（抓持），强调手持https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208310174.png刻刀https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208414058.png在或圆或方的木、石截面https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208519219.png上刻划姓名、称号等文字。当“章”的动词本义“刻印标识身份”消失后，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208677930.png再加“彡”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208466193.png（印泥的醒目红彩）另造“彰”代替。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208386750.png基本承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，在圆柱形的木、石截面上刻划姓名、称号等文字，沾上红色印泥，印在高级文件或书画作品的结尾位置，在白纸黑墨的文件背景上，以红色印痕突显个人的姓名或身份。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208412641.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208346006.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105208348725.png。附一文言版《説文解字》：彰，文彰也。从彡，从章，章亦聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：彰，彩色的纹案鲜明夺目。字形采用“彡、章”会义，“章”也是声旁。
7枢shū.區，既是声旁也是形旁，表示周围有护墙保护的聚居地。樞，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525165848.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525520912.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525112051.png（木，门轴）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525164486.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525228656.png（區，比喻确保门轴运转的凹槽），表示门轴之槽。造字本义：名词，古代建筑中扣住木板门轴两端的臼槽。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525836399.png将篆文字形中的写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525283026.png，将篆文字形中的写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525160674.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“枢”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525916884.png，依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“區”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525212959.png简化成“区”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525748261.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：樞，戶樞也。从木，區聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：枢，门轴的槽。字形采用“木”作边旁，采用“区”作声旁。
8.喝hè“曷”是“喝”的本字。曷，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245435486.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245693666.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245224204.png（曰，说）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245183033.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245962902.png（人，哨兵）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245183033.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245464558.png（亡，即“氓”，流民），表示关卡值勤人员对外流人口进行盘问。当“曷”作为单纯字件后，晚期篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245308060.png再加“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245376997.png另造“喝”代替。造字本义：动词，高声训问或命令。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245273202.png将篆文字形中的“曷”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245189759.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023245633401.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：喝，㵣也。从口，曷聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：喝，大口饮水。字形采用“口”作边旁，采用“曷”作声旁。

9.燔fán“膰”和“燔”都是“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905985679.png”的异体字：“燔”作动词，强调烧烤全牲以祭祀，“膰”作名词，强调烤熟的祭祀的全牲。番，既是声旁也是形旁，表示用手直接抓食。https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905985679.png，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905920620.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905185748.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905506781.png（炙，烤肉）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905367263.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905745834.png（番，用手抓食），表示可以抓食的烤熟的肉。篆文异体字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905628218.png将“炙”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905506781.png省略成“火”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905560484.png，强调烧烤；有的篆文异体字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905998506.png则将“炙https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905506781.png”省略成“肉”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905485481.png，强调熟肉。造字本义：动词，烤熟用于祭祀的全牲，祭祀之后参与祭典的人们可以直接用手抓食。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905810261.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905745834.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905356874.png。古籍多以“膰”或“燔”代替“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020905985679.png”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：data:image/png;base64,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，宗廟火孰肉。从炙番聲。《春秋傳》曰：“天子有事炙番焉，以饋同姓諸矦。”
附二白话版《说文解字》：data:image/png;base64,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，宗庙祭祀时用火烧烤的肉。字形采用“炙”作边旁，采用省略了“番”作声旁。《春秋左传》上说：“天子祭祀大事时，就用火烧烤肉，并赠送给同姓诸侯。

10炭tàn炭，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746595004.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746467177.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746236939.png（厂，山崖）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746209946.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746826124.png（炎，大火），表示在山崖间伐木烧火。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746533806.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746467177.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746746359.png（山，山林）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746209946.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746920715.png（厂，山崖）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746209946.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746392725.png（火，燃烧），表示在山崖间伐木烧火。造字本义：名词，由大量木材不完全燃烧而制成的、一种黑色多孔的含碳固体。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746211057.png误将https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746920715.png(山崖)写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020746486718.png（又，抓）。
附一文言版《説文解字》：炭，燒木餘㶳也。从火，岸省聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：炭，木材烧而未烬的余料。字形采用“火”作边旁，以省略了“山”和“干”的“岸”为声旁。
11句，既是声旁也是形旁，表示纠结。拘，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450369746.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450302233.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450934548.png（手，抓）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450281463.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450427679.png（句，纠结、绑），表示抓捕并捆绑。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450177622.png加“糸”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450501133.png（绳索），强调“用绳索捆绑”的含义。造字本义：动词，逮捕，捆绑嫌犯，看押。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450508814.png将篆文字形中的“手”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450934548.png简写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450647302.png，失去五指形象，将篆文字形中的“句”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450427679.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104450497218.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：拘，止也。从句，从手，句亦聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：拘，阻止。字形采用“手、句”作边旁，采用“句”也作声旁。

12痿.wei 委，既是声旁也是形旁，是“萎”的省略，表示干枯萎缩。痿，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126946550.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126465713.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126142359.png（疒，疾病）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126408273.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126562113.png（委，即“萎”），表示组织或器官由于疾病而萎缩。造字本义：动词，由于神经系受损或失调，身体组织或器官出现萎缩，失去正常生理功能。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126656361.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126142359.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126765914.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126562113.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111126173834.png。古籍常假借“委”代替“痿”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：痿，痹也。从疒，委聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：痿，麻痹无感觉。字形采用“疒”作边旁，采用“委”作声旁。

13.jīn筋筋，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021928550826.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021928991843.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021928684537.png（竹，竹子）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021928257290.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021928384218.png（肋，支撑性骨架），表示竹肋，比喻支撑竹子的青皮层。造字本义：名词，附在竹黄上、使竹身直立而富于弹力的青皮层。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021928578873.png将篆文字形中的写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021928271900.png，将篆文字形中的写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021928705136.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：筋，肉之力也。从力从肉从竹。竹，物之多筋者。凡筋之屬皆从筋。
附二白话版《说文解字》：筋，肌肉的力量来源。字形采用“力、肉、竹”会义。竹子，是多筋之物。所有与筋相关的字，都采用“筋”作边旁。

14痔、.zhì寺，既是声旁也是形旁，是“峙”的省略，表示两山对立。痔，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111143329288.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111143329165.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111143795990.png（疒，疾病）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111143557135.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111143374216.png（寺，即“峙”，两山对立），比喻长久对峙的病变组织。造字本义：名词，肛门或直肠末端静脉曲张而形成的突起对峙的小结节，对峙小结节的摩擦，会造成发痒、灼热、疼痛、大便表面带血等症状。通称痔疮。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111143800078.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111143795990.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111143868981.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111143374216.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111143196921.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：痔，後病也。从疒，寺聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：痔，肛门病。字形采用“疒”作边旁，采用“寺”作声旁。
15骇hài亥，既是声旁也是形旁，是“咳”的省略，表示由喉咙发出声音。駭，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017179241.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017600304.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017495359.png（馬）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017805543.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017674477.png（亥，即“咳”，喉咙受刺激发出声音），造字本义：动词，马遇警受惊而嘶鸣。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017709256.png将篆文字形中“马”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017495359.png的四足写成“四点底”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017677777.png。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017791358.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017495359.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017772048.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017674477.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017696276.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“骇”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017572166.png，依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“馬”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017772048.png简化成“马”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023017864409.png。“驚”是马警觉危险、举足不前；“骇”是马遇警而嘶鸣。附一文言版《説文解字》：駭，驚也。从馬，亥聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：骇，马受惊。字形采用“马”作边旁，采用“亥”作声旁。

16疟nüè虐，既是声旁也是形旁，表示折磨。瘧，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101247989.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101426429.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101169131.png（疒，病）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101169160.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101360554.png（虐，折磨）。造字本义：名词，一种忽寒忽热、对病人折腾不休的风寒病。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101829194.png将篆文字形中的“疒”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101169131.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101555912.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101360554.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101466509.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“疟”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101543604.png，省去正体楷书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111101316020.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：瘧，熱寒休作。从疒，从虐，虐亦聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：疟，冷热交替，不停地发作。字形采用“疒、虐”会义。“虐”也作声旁。

二心得自古以来，人的生命活动与自然界的变化就是息息相通的，这是生命的根本。自然界的规律法则是阴阳相胜。天地之间，六合之内，九州，九窍，五藏，十二节，皆通天气，生五行，其气分为三阴三阳。如果违反了阴阳变化规律，那么邪气就会伤害人体。

自然界的天气清净，人的意志就平和，顺应这个道理，阳气就固密。即使有贼风邪气，也不能侵害人体。圣人能够聚集精神，呼吸天地精气，与天地阴阳的神明变化相统一。如果不能统一，在内会使九窍不通，在外会使肌肉壅阻，卫阳之气耗散，这是自己造成的伤害而使阳气受到削弱。（人的生命活动与自然界变化息息相关，人要神盛，精神安静，意志安定才可做到，观天之道，执天之行，观得到天地间的阴阳变化规律，有足够的神执得了天之行，----------与它相统一才可长寿。）神盛和精神安静，意志安定，一方面从生活中注意合阴阳。二是从饮食合阴阳来调。一内一外。阳气对于人体的重要性：天体运行不息，是借着太阳的光明，同理，人体健康无病，是依赖阳气的轻清上浮保卫于体表。阳气的作用-----人受了寒邪，阳气就会像门户的开阖一样相应抗拒，如果起居妄动，神气浮越，阳气就不能固密。这时候感受暑邪，症状是多汗烦躁，喘促，喝喝有声即使没有烦喘声，也会多言多语，身体发热如燔炭，解决的原理是出汗，热才能退。如果伤于湿邪，症状是头部就会沉重，如同裹着东本。湿热不能及时排除，就会出现大盘收不伸，小筋弛缓无力。如果气被风邪不压正所缚，四肢交替肿痛不止，这是阳气已衰竭。
人体的阳气，由于过度烦劳就会亢盛外越，导致阴精耗竭。拖久会发生很多相关的病症。如脑出血，中风，偏瘫（这是西医病名。）人体的阳气，养神养筋。如果腠理开阖失调，风是引发各种疾病的始因，但如果人能够精神安静，意志安定，腠理就能闭密，阳气就能卫外，即使有大风苛毒辣，也不能造成伤害。病的时间长了，就会发生传导变化，发生其他症侯；病人上下之气不能交通，再高明的医生，无能为力。人的阳气不可过分蓄积，阳气蓄积，会隔塞不能，应用泻法。不及时治疗，粗乃败亡。人体的阳气运行有规律，白天都运行于人体外部，日出时人体的阳气开始生发，中午阳气最旺盛，到日落阳气衰退，汗孔也就关闭了。这时，应当休息。阴阳和合在人体内的重要性。阴是把精气蓄藏于体内，而不断充养阳气；阳是保卫人体外部而坚固腠理的。1阴不胜阳，---------经脉往来流动就会急迫快速而发狂病。2.阳不胜阴-------五脏之气就会不调，以致九窍不通。所以，圣人调整阴阳，使之各安其位，才能筋脉舒和，骨髓坚固，，气血畅通。，邪气不能分割，耳聪目明，真气运行正常。

风邪侵入人体，损害无气，精血就要消亡。------邪气伤及肝脏，1如果再过饱，会使胃的的筋脉横逆邓缓，形成下泻脓血的痢疾，进而引发痔疮。2.如果饮酒过度，肺气上逆。如果勉强入房，就要损伤肾气，使椎骨损坏。
阴阳的关键在于阳气固密于外，阳气才能持守于内。-------如果阳气过于亢盛，不能固密，阴气就要亏耗而衰竭。（故阳强不能密，阴气乃绝。）阴气和平，阳气固密，精神就会旺盛。
四时之气，更伤五脏。----------秦天风邪所伤，邪气滞不去，到了夏天就会生洞泄病。以此类推，所以得合于四时之气。

阴精产生于饮食五味的营养，蓄于体内，不断充养阳气。阳气足了保卫人体坚固腠理。阻挡风邪进入体内。阴阳调和，各安其位，才能盘脉和同，骨髓坚固，气血皆从。。邪气不能侵害，耳聪目明，真气运行正常。五味虽是生阴精，但如果过食五味又会使贮藏精血的五脏受伤害。过食酸味，会使肝气集聚，脾气就会衰弱。过食咸味，会使骨气受伤，股肉枯槁，心气也就郁滞；过食甜味，会使心气喘闷，肾气就衰弱。过食苦味，会使脾气濡滞，胃气也就薄弱了；过食辛味，会使筋脉渐衰败，精神也就颓废。谨慎地调和五味，使得骨正筋柔，气血以流，腠理以密，如是骨气以精。
三朗读呤诵。已经发微盘

睿涵发表于 2021-7-2 15:59:34

本帖最后由睿涵于 2021-7-2 16:51 编辑

金匮真言论篇第四
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1.俞通腧，shù俞，既是声旁也是形旁，是“输”的省略，表示运送、传送、转给。腧，甲金篆隶字形暂缺，楷书（月，即“肉”，借代组织器官）（俞，即“输”的省略），表示传输、转给的器官。推测造字本义：名词，人体气血传输、转给的器官，传统中医也称之为“穴位”，即“腧穴”，俗名也叫“输穴”。现代汉语常将“腧穴”简写成“俞穴”。
2.臊sāo噪，既是声旁也是形旁，表示鸟群喧闹不安地鸣叫。臊，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104516734051.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104516171182.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104516564960.png（肉体）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104516744951.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104516292356.png（喿，令人不安的），造字本义：名词，动物身上散发的、包含性激素信息的刺激性气息。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104516585645.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104516564960.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104516895154.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104516292356.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104516496261.png。附一文言版《説文解字》：臊，豕膏臭也。从肉，喿聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：臊，猪脂猪膏的气味。字形采用“肉（月）”作边旁，采用“喿”作声旁。

3 黍shǔ黍是一种粮食作物，与稻类相似，俗称黄米。4kuì“匮”的字源解说我评站长的解说： 1分2分3分4分5分

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“匱”是“櫃”的本字。貴，既是声旁也是形旁，表示有价值。匱，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111037273418.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111037322816.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111037778925.png（匚，没盖的盒子）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111037386108.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111037551424.png（貴，有价值的），表示收藏贵重物品的匣子。造字本义：名词，收藏贵重物品的匣子。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111037637942.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111037551424.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111037679800.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“匮”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111037415174.png，依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“貝”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111037505108.png简化成“贝”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111037245260.png。古籍中多用本字“匱”代替它的后起字“櫃”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：匱，匣也。从匚，貴聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：匮，收藏宝物的匣子。字形采用“匚”作边旁，采用“贵”作声旁。

5.飧sūn“飱”是“飧”的异体字。食，既是声旁也是形旁，表示进餐。飧，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845226805.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845435010.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845814047.png（夕，即“肉”）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845978304.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845547275.png（食，进餐），表示享用肉食。篆文异体字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845211516.png调整成上下结构。造字本义：动词，在餐桌上享用肉食。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845799468.png将篆文字形中的“夕”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845486219.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845161666.png，将篆文字形中的“食”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845104831.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845319828.png。古籍多以“飧”代替“飱”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：飧，餔也。从夕食。
附二白话版《说文解字》：飧，零食。字形采用“夕、食”会义。

6攸yōu又，既是声旁也是形旁，表示抓持。攸，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939963323.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939728465.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939602316.png（人，老者）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939105945.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939482572.png（木棍，手杖）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939105945.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939798533.png（又，抓），表示老人拄杖而行。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939670103.png将甲骨文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939602316.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939654665.png，将甲骨文字形中的棍杖https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939482572.png写成“卜”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939872663.png。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939431410.png加“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939507889.png（沟、溪、河），表示老人拄杖小心过河。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939766237.png误将金文字形中的“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939507889.png写成一竖https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939261793.png。简体篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939550754.png省去金文字形中的“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939790232.png，突出了“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939856256.png。造字本义：动词，老人拄杖慢行。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939889344.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939773610.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023939393201.png。当“攸”的“拄杖小心过河”本义消失后，篆文再加“心”另造“悠”代替。
附一文言版《説文解字》：攸，行水也。从攴，从人，水省。data:image/png;base64,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，秦刻石繹山文攸字如此。
附二白话版《说文解字》：攸，走在水中。字形采用“攴、人”和有所省略的“水”会义。data:image/png;base64,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，秦代刻石绎山碑上的“攸”字是这样写的。

三简单心得金匮真言论第四，心得：在这一章，四时，与八风，与五脏与色彩，与味道，与九窍，与病处，与数字，与星辰，都做了联系。人体内的阴阳分得比较清楚。就在想这些东西是怎么联系在一起的。有疑惑，是怎么脏就是阴，腑就属阳。为什么北部为阳，腹部为阴？为什么外部为阳，内部为阴？带着这些接着读下面的章节。四朗读吟诵。已经发微盘

睿涵发表于 2021-7-2 22:29:58

原文抄写和翻译三四章内容。

睿涵发表于 2021-7-5 09:23:11

本帖最后由睿涵于 2021-7-10 22:14 编辑

本周任务：

第三周阴阳应象大论篇第五，阴阳离合论篇第六

把力用到实处，少些虱风淫意

踏踏实实做事，认认真真做人。阴阳应象大论篇第五

一抄写原文及翻译（上传图片）
二查字正音
1腠còu奏，既是声旁也是形旁，是“凑”的省略，表示会合、聚集。腠，甲金篆隶字形暂缺，楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104527773994.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104527470281.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104527340889.png（月，即“肉”）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104527724206.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104527686658.png（奏，即“凑”），表示肌肉束会集。推测造字本义：名词，肌肉束会集并与肌腱连接的部位。2。濡rú“需”是“濡”和“儒”的本字。雨，既是声旁也是形旁，是俗体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742120491.png对正体金文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742246990.png的误写。需，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742246990.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742431461.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742408058.png（大，成人）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742195963.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742342533.png（水，汗），表示一个人腋下、腹背出汗。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742120491.png误将“大”字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742408058.png上部的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742955975.png和“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742342533.png写成了“雨”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742998820.png，误将“大”字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742408058.png下部的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742967083.png写成了“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742876781.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742876896.png则误将金文字形中的“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742876781.png写成“而”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742194867.png，字形面目全非。当“需”的“体虚盗汗”本义消失后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742403300.png再加“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742173620.png另造“濡”、或再加“人”另造“儒”代替。造字本义：形容词，体虚盗汗，软弱无力。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742315639.png将篆文字形中的“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742173620.png写成“三点水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742390326.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742820282.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020742837332.png。附一文言版《説文解字》：濡，水。出涿郡故安，東入漆涑。从水需聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：濡，河流名。水出涿郡的故安地区，向东汇入漆涑河。字形采用“水”作边旁，采用“需”作声旁。

3.飧sūn“飱”是“飧”的异体字。食，既是声旁也是形旁，表示进餐。飧，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845226805.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845435010.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845814047.png（夕，即“肉”）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845978304.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845547275.png（食，进餐），表示享用肉食。篆文异体字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845211516.png调整成上下结构。造字本义：动词，在餐桌上享用肉食。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845799468.png将篆文字形中的“夕”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845486219.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845161666.png，将篆文字形中的“食”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845104831.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104845319828.png。古籍多以“飧”代替“飱”。
附一文言版《説文解字》：飧，餔也。从夕食。
附二白话版《说文解字》：飧，零食。字形采用“夕、食”会义。

三简单心得
1.阴阳是天地间的普遍规律，一节事物的纲领，是万物发展变化的起源，是生长毁灭的根本，是万物发生发展变化的动力起源，因此，治病必须寻求治本的方法。2.清阳之气积聚上升，就成为天，浊阴之气凝聚下降成为地。阴主静，阳主动，阳主发生，阴主成长，阳主杀伐，阴主收藏。阳能化生力量，阴能构成形。寒到极点会转化生热，热到极点会转化生寒。------阴阳相推，变化顺矣。
3.阴气偏胜，阳气就会受病；阳气偏胜，阴气也地受病。阳气偏胜会生热，阴气偏胜会生寒。寒到极点，会出现热象；热到极点，又会出现寒象。阴阳离合论篇第六。四吟诵通顺。已经发微盘。
一抄写原文与翻译
二查字正音。1hé.阖盍，既是声旁也是形旁，表示合上盖子。闔，籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843302513.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843502082.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843574827.png（双手）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843883950.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843434920.png（宀，房屋，借代房门）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843883950.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843501006.png（盍，合上盖子），表示手拉两扇门板，把敞开的门合上。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843914277.png省去籀文字形中的双手https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843574827.png，将籀文字形中的“宀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843434920.png写成“门”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843495239.png，将籀文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843501006.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843670060.png。造字本义：动词，拉合两扇门板，关门。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843717557.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843495239.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843578075.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843670060.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843160902.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“阖”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843339590.png，依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“門”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843578075.png简化成“门”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105843537702.png。附一文言版《説文解字》：闔，門扇也。一曰：閉也。从門、盍聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：阖，门扇。另一种说法认为，“阖”是关门的意思。字形采用“门”作边旁，采用“盍”作声旁。

2.枢shū區，既是声旁也是形旁，表示周围有护墙保护的聚居地。樞，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525165848.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525520912.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525112051.png（木，门轴）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525164486.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525228656.png（區，比喻确保门轴运转的凹槽），表示门轴之槽。造字本义：名词，古代建筑中扣住木板门轴两端的臼槽。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525836399.png将篆文字形中的写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525283026.png，将篆文字形中的写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525160674.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“枢”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525916884.png，依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“區”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525212959.png简化成“区”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021525748261.png。
附一文言版《説文解字》：樞，戶樞也。从木，區聲。
附二白话版《说文解字》：枢，门轴的槽。字形采用“木”作边旁，采用“区”作声旁。

三简单心得
1.合而言之，则阴阳为一气，分而言之，则有十，百，千，万，乃至无穷无尽之数。人身经脉也是如此。--------天地间阴阳数不胜数，总得归结起来还是一个，阴阳是对立统一的。
2.万物的发生，依赖于春气的温暖，万物的生长，依赖于百般气的炎热，万物的收成，依赖于秋气的清凉。万物的闭藏，依赖于冬气的寒冷。生长收藏的变化失常万物就不能发生成长。这个阴阳变化道理，在人身来说，也是有一定的规律，并且可推测。
3.人身上有三阴三阳。三阳经的离合情况是，太阳主表为关，阳明主里为阖，少阳介于表里之间为枢。这三者之间，不能失去联系。脉象波动有力而不虚浮，所以合起来称为一阳。
4.三阴经的离合中，太阴为三阴之表为关，厥阴为三阴之里为阖，少阴位于表里之间为枢。但三者之间不能失去联系，脉动象捕动有力而不过沉，所以，合起来称为一阴。
5.阴阳之气，运行不息，递相传注全身，气运于里，形立于表，这就是阴阳离合，表里配合，共同完成人体的生命活动。
四吟诵通顺。已经发微盘。

睿涵发表于 2021-7-11 00:04:18

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