本帖最后由 眉长舒 于 2022-8-4 19:39 编辑
一、原文抄写 故曰:辞言有五,曰病、曰怨、曰忧、曰怒、曰喜。故曰:病者,感衰气而不神也;怨者,肠绝而无主也;忧者,闭塞而不泄也;怒者,妄动而不治也;喜者,宣散而无要也。此五者,精则用之,利则行之。故与智者言,依于博;与拙者言,依于辩;与辩者言,依于要;与贵者言,依于势;与富者言,依于高;与贫者言,依于利;与贱者言,依于谦;与勇者言,依于敢;与愚者言,依于锐。此其术也,而人常反之。
二、查字、正音 1、五、“二”是特殊指事字,上面一横代表天,下面一横代表地。甲骨文在两横之间加一横表示“三”,代表天、地、人,万物之源。后来古人在天地“二”之间再加一个“二”,用两个“二”表示“四”。“五”也是特殊指事字,“五”的甲骨文字形 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAAPAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAMAA8AggAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgQEBAECAwECAwECAwMqCLobEkoIBiSbl9o4qIObJz3UMpaKI3WlJRHUgFVzpF01HZGMKqM7FjABADs=) 用一个叉号寓意天、地万物的交汇,以表示大于“四”的正整数。有的甲骨文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDQASAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAANABIAgQAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgI3jI55MBtgzgDUPLqozlZrgwnet4gjKVxnqJ7Ruh3tmGZnZt4TYHt5M0v5Wh0fajBBNgQThVNUAAA7) 在字形 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAAPAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAMAA8AggAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgQEBAECAwECAwECAwMqCLobEkoIBiSbl9o4qIObJz3UMpaKI3WlJRHUgFVzpF01HZGMKqM7FjABADs=) ( 万物交汇)基础上加 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDQALAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAANAAsAgQAAAAAAAAEBAQECAwIVlI+pCdHvIpi02ouz3nz5b1DOND4FADs=) ( 天地之间),表示天地间交汇的万物。在造字时期的远古时代,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,九,十,都曾是极限数。金文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAPAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOAA8AgAAAAAAAAAIlRGyhC7n/GjuzSWWxzZht7n2guEHkFYmQ9oVHy4bOStcaheBWAQA7) 、篆文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgATAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABMAgAAAAAAAAAIsRI4ZwHa+YnPzTWbp1Wbjl22JV4XkQjZICpkld2Wo+MYzVN5wR3fr71MIDwUAOw==) 承续甲骨文字形。 造字本义:名词,金、木、水、火、土等宇宙的构成要素,代表天地间万物交汇构成元素的极限数,大于四,小于六。隶化后楷书“五” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEwAQAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAATABAAgAAAAAAAAAIuhI+hgX28lDOxsgnswnNzJ30gdYkaZ2Ul5qlr94ToWr5xnD6Z60Z7tRtBgiJDAQA7) 将篆文字形中的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCgAQAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKABAAgAAAAAAAAAIfRICZccv2YIMoVmbdVJRLL20XpkQWWTllI2LZZYBBAQA7) 写成 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAMAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOAAwAgAAAAAAAAAIdhB95u8rvHooBpotBxZvzFmnMBY7VdKKTmYrQUgAAOw==) 。 附一文言版《説文解字》: 五,五行也。从二,陰陽在天地閒交午也。凡五之屬皆从五。 附二白话版《说文解字》: 五,金、木、水、火、土五行。依据“二”为字根,“二”表示天地两极,“乂”代表阴气和阳气交错,“五”表示阴阳两气在天地间交错。所有与五相关的字,都采用“五”作边旁。 3、怨、夗,既是声旁也是形旁,是“宛”、亦即“婉”的省略,表示弯曲、回转。怨,金文![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhFQAZAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAVABkAgAAAAAAAAAJQhA9xwYnP4orSKFkTbbpyq3QO9mkTsoXgBlETi2Zd+T6mDbfques2DuwBf7TYTzQ8OnChXlO4/GCOrpfMeplBeY0i0wJSnqLbmOpKTYl13gIAOw==) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (夗,即“宛”、亦即“婉”的省略,弯曲回转)![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (心,情绪),表示委婉、迂回表达的负面情绪。籀文 将金文字形中的“夗” 写成“命” ,将籀文字形中的“心” 写成 ,表示对强令的不满。篆文 承续金文字形。造字本义:动词,以委婉、迂回、间接的方式表达不满情绪。隶书 将篆文字形中的“夗” 写成 ,将篆文字形中的“心” 写成 。
附一文言版《説文解字》:怨,恚也。从心,夗聲。,古文怨。 附二白话版《说文解字》:怨,藏恨于心。字形采用“心”作边旁,采用“夗”作声旁。,这古文写法的“怨”字。 4、忧、尤,既是声旁也是形旁,表示特别多。忧,篆文![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEAAbAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAQABsAggAAAAAAAAICAgEBAQMDAwQEBAECAwECAwNpCBog+vCJIQSJuIIhq1aE8ylTdTVdEXkhZDUOCaMiLHrNwKFzO9GAyy3mKQaNnZos5sIlmTZmEeqEcQIv0o4kdW0bJyd2W2FUcx3uiizJkG+RcVu2ToPr9JnXzlv8FF8jaICBIyoLGA0JADs=) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (心,思虑)![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (尤,特别多),表示思虑特别多。造字本义:动词,多思多虑, 放心不下。隶化后楷书 将篆文字形中的“心” 写成“竖心旁” ,将篆文字形中的“尤” 写成 。“忧”与“憂”同义,《汉字简化方案》用“忧”字合并“憂”字。
附一文言版《説文解字》:忧,心動也。从心,尤聲。讀若祐。 附二白话版《说文解字》:忧,心动。字形采用“心”作边旁,采用“尤”作声旁。诗音像读“祐”。 5、感、感,金文![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDwAZAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAPABkAggAAAAAAAAEBAQQEBAMDAwICAgECAwECAwNjCLpQKyw2VaBchIZYehOdI4WgUF5MQYDhBGUsMABx43SmBIkL/0yAjCe1MxU2Io/DVFNSFJBBUjbFgSgtxmYH9emKDMvHeO09QbAjBte6iYMVGjbIGQIvcZqXY0bZ9H5yTwwJADs=) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (咸,全、都)![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (心)。篆文 承续金文字形。造字本义:动词,心完全被触动。隶书 将篆文字形中的 写成 ,将篆文字形中的“心” 写成 。
附一文言版《説文解字》:感,動人心也。从心,咸聲。 附二白话版《说文解字》:感,使人心动。字形采用“心”作边旁,采用“咸”作声旁。 7、肠、長,既是声旁也是形旁,表示两端距离大。腸,籀文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhFAAaAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAUABoAggAAAAAAAAICAgMDAwQEBAEBAQECAwECAwNsCLrcruKx+Gi1U+ClN9SOVkidQHDgFQBp4U0jxLEzOnyAC+moO6Q01kZwK6FYt6PCZREUVpFVoLPL5UrYLI0JwnSBtcZ32CWRhR7qJCz2UsCoTSwYakOSbcuPgxdnFjx2bEIrfkIVEgqFiQAJADs=) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCQAIAIABAP8AAP///yH/C1hNUCBEYXRhWE1Q/z94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIP94bWxuczp4bXA9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC8iIHhtbG5zOnhtcE1NPSJodHRwOi8vbnMuYWRvYmUuY29tL3hhcC8xLjAvbW0vIiB4bW5zOnN0UmVmPSJodHRwOi8vbnMuYWRvYmUuY29tL3hhcC8xLjAvc1R5cGUvUmVzb3VyY2VSZWYjIiB4bXA6Q3JlYXRvclRvb2w9IkFkb2JlIFBob3Rvc2hvcCBDUzYgKFdpbmRvd3MpIiB4bU1NOkluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6OThCN0I1M0Q2QkI2MTFFODk2ODlBN0FFRTg4MDZDMEMiIHj/bXBNTTpEb2N1bWVudElEPSJ4bXAuZGlkOjk4QjdCNTNFNkJCNjExRTg5Njg5QTdBRUU4ODA2MEMiPiA8eG1wTU06RGVyaXZlZEZyb20gc3RSZWY6aW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDo5OEI3QjUzQjZCQjYxMUU4OTg5QTdBRUU4ODA2QzBDIiBzdFJlZjpkb2N1bWVudElEPSJ4bXAuZGlkOjk4QjdCNTNDNkJCNjFFODk2ODlBN0FFRTg4MDZDMEMiLz4gPC9yZGY6RGVzY3JpcHRpb24+IDwvcmRmOlJGPiA8L3g6eG1wbWV0YT4gPD94cGFja2V0IGVuZD0i/3IiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OPi4eDe3dzb2tnY19bV1NPS0dDPzs3My8rJyMfGxcTDwsHAv769vLu6ubi3trW0s7KxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQUEAwIBAAAh/wtNU09GRklDRTkuMA8AAAADc0JJVAEBAXwud4IAIf8LTVNPRkZJQ0U5LjAYAAAADG1zT1BNU09GRklDRTkuMALxmbSWACH/C01TT0ZGSUNFOS4wGAAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAh+QQBAAABACwAAAAACQAIAAACCoSPecHtD6NUNBUAOw==) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCQAZAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAJABkAggAAAAAAAAICAgQEBAMDAwEBAQECAwECAwMzCCqsvs8xEWElk8pcJAhAE4pNRpUmeqLdsjbYmy1dBgqE++RTNWob4EMY9BFdx5BRBEgAADs=) ( 月,即“肉”,借代身体的组织器官) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCgAKAIABAP8AAP///yH/C1hNUCBEYXRhWE1Q/z94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIP94bWxuczp4bXA9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC8iIHhtbG5zOnhtcE1NPSJodHRwOi8vbnMuYWRvYmUuY29tL3hhcC8xLjAvbW0vIiB4bW5zOnN0UmVmPSJodHRwOi8vbnMuYWRvYmUuY29tL3hhcC8xLjAvc1R5cGUvUmVzb3VyY2VSZWYjIiB4bXA6Q3JlYXRvclRvb2w9IkFkb2JlIFBob3Rvc2hvcCBDUzYgKFdpbmRvd3MpIiB4bU1NOkluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6RDA4QURBOUM2QkI2MTFFODg5NDBFNzE0RDM5NjNEQzYiIHj/bXBNTTpEb2N1bWVudElEPSJ4bXAuZGlkOkQwOEFEQTlENkJCNjExRTg4OTQwRTcxNEQzOTYzQzYiPiA8eG1wTU06RGVyaXZlZEZyb20gc3RSZWY6aW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDpEMDhBREE5QTZCQjYxMUU4ODkwRTcxNEQzOTYzREM2IiBzdFJlZjpkb2N1bWVudElEPSJ4bXAuZGlkOkQwOEFEQTlCNkJCMTFFODg5NDBFNzE0RDM5NjNEQzYiLz4gPC9yZGY6RGVzY3JpcHRpb24+IDwvcmRmOlJERj4gL3g6eG1wbWV0YT4gPD94cGFja2V0IGVuZD0i/3IiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OLh4N/e3dzb2tnY19bV1NPS0dDPzs3My8rJyMfGxcTDwsHAv769vLu6ubi3trW0s7KxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQUEAwIBAAAh/wtNU09GRklDRTkuMA8AAAADc0JJVAEBAXwud4IAIf8LTVNPRkZJQ0U5LjAYAAAADG1zT1BNU09GRklDRTkuMALxmbSWACH/C01TT0ZGSUNFOS4wGAAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAh+QQBAAABACwAAAAACgAKAAACEowDcIvKlh50M9mL74qSP8+ABQA7) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAaAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABoAggAAAAAAAAICAgMDAwEBAQQEBAECAwECAwNECLoqwlAFF6EbtQmSG3gd9YWPU0aiKS6piW7fapVgpd54rtdkx5qBjINAkDFaPNYvGdMwm1DUz1YbQgaCoMTIXRk1iwQAOw==) ( 長,两端距离大),表示长管状的器官。篆文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEAAXAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAQABcAgQAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgJbhH8BIYp7hBhUIilWi9lMYGGiZzFMhmYMMKBg93pkJ9JWC7eXi7H+EHulag1LUIhYgTi9B0yicF0ctMHp4tRAI46gVAZemiIPENAYDsNIZHbygy0vmXJDd20oAAA7) 将籀文字形中的“長” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAaAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABoAggAAAAAAAAICAgMDAwEBAQQEBAECAwECAwNECLoqwlAFF6EbtQmSG3gd9YWPU0aiKS6piW7fapVgpd54rtdkx5qBjINAkDFaPNYvGdMwm1DUz1YbQgaCoMTIXRk1iwQAOw==) 写成近音的“昜” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCgAXAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKABcAgAAAAAAAAAIrhINop8mx1EsQOChty9qt/zVWR5UhN1XPWG1MSGItdryclOVwDfK9CgIaCgA7) (读音为“陽”),变成单纯的形声字。 造字本义:名词,消化器官的一部分,形状象细长的管子,上端连胃,下端通肛。隶化后楷书 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEwATAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAATABMAgAAAAAAAAAJDhB2HkHoBG4ou2QeZYy0vr0hiJIWcyG3k+Gmpm64ZumrX6V0lps92aCHhKIvi8PSadZaPZhBlBOV2Jsptg5tQsaZNAQA7) 将篆文字形中的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCQAbAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAJABsAgAAAAAAAAAIrhBF5lr1xIFMINoXtrfpS73Ca2GWRhJzRtKht9YYt+lDzC8f0ubN475tJCgA7) 写成 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCQAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAJABQAgAAAAAAAAAIkhB8Jsem9jHqSRWQnbE5BZl1SBYqd95TbFo4reowe986xfQMFADs=) ,将篆文字形中的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCgAXAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKABcAgAAAAAAAAAIrhINop8mx1EsQOChty9qt/zVWR5UhN1XPWG1MSGItdryclOVwDfK9CgIaCgA7) 写成 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABQAgAAAAAAAAAIyhB95C9Gp2DNRwiYXrOy6TFEfhijOdqLblJ5deVkmFmtz/biTSPNI/utUOMCWxkZ8ZQoAOw==) 。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“肠” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEgASAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAASABIAgAAAAAAAAAI8hI8Wm+sBnkMstkojPPMquiVWZ33chkJSqCqTWsUjXLqhVsomo+OsizONgDtO7bfD3HRKIypTI4qiRkABADs=) ,依据类推简化规则,将正体楷书字形中的“昜” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABQAgAAAAAAAAAIyhB95C9Gp2DNRwiYXrOy6TFEfhijOdqLblJ5deVkmFmtz/biTSPNI/utUOMCWxkZ8ZQoAOw==) 简化成 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAATAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAMABMAgAAAAAAAAAIrhB0Qe7qfmnJRompnRpvzR0FQmJTMRWneBDreCVYwSkenSud36x433gMUAAA7) 。 8、绝、絕,甲骨文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhFgAaAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAWABoAgQAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgJkhI+igu2zInNtVUVPwM7SPVFeJwzfEpDcBV5GmEwwUAJQGjOeyfD2IQkKJxDL6lU6AiMXpWb0VOBIGabIeaNdWwkTbbpEJoAicvR1tR05MzStbW1svumPNoMP50/tPbLvB2ZQAAA7) 是指事字,字形在两缕丝线 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEwAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAATABgAgAAAAAAAAAJGhB+pcd0L3VsAMqdkTThrv4GTR0mWEZnhhnJTy4oInMln6Hb5qvH4pXOlRisg8IEA7Vit3HHWHCYj0umy18T2rtuSdnooAAA7) 的中间各加一短横指事符号 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEAAJAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAQAAMAgAAAAAAAAAIJjI+pixAOn4wFADs=) ,表示将丝线割成两段。金文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEAAcAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAQABwAggAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgQEBAECAwECAwECAwNsCLrcsq85FSJkIuYJtbTANghBMyxjmYHbFb7K02YVSQJjqO1W7dasiG9jkXleFZVRF1t1Vi3FqZkZjEA65xR2FWxplyg1kmJCVJ1X0Ykj5jqlGDWMIgGbcuZt/fDNn2JxOFkABBJjgiYriRIJADs=) 则在两组丝线 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDwAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAPABgAgAAAAAAAAAI+hBOmu8mAHEQsqkgPnilPTllaR3qgIzYWZrKht7qSe17bg6t4K9mzyYF8hLZaijXqBZO/GKmIHBJPR2S0VgAAOw==) 之间加一把刀 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAAWAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAMABYAgAAAAAAAAAIqhI8RyLZ9FHRyggrVm7hpe21JKGomZZ7pRTlsImYxPMPWR+PL+qzePikAADs=) ,明确表示用刀割断丝缕。籀文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEwAcAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAATABwAggAAAAAAAAICAgEBAQQEBAMDAwECAwECAwOLCLrcK224VpqA9mG2VQfftYnYUD3eFoDLqRTQlcosA1+rMuxAIEicgeB0EcaACt8KMwSJkE7n8Rka0kQVoePXkQW0W4BEcoQai7wiyrNuw8I2GhiV68li3VfpZ5x7dkxcEH5SI3IfFThid4scD2N4XByRhYMWMC4ABWkfE0tOUIt8gEKZjzEsEAQTCQA7) 承续金文字形。篆文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEgAbAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAASABsAgQAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgJshCFyFtC9kDoj2WnsCSmammEXJj1deEFjNIGHtohYdUpTMjAdDuToK0NZfDyabXS7sJJAkqNjDC1XvVEONlXWYooER0GzqLpgwRi2u0W+UqhT0lYv41UI8AVHeLZ5z5Pk5ZcRMeAjyCe4YVYAADs=) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCwAaAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKABoAgAAAAAAAAAIshIOmlwsIg4Kv1dkoZVEu/UVhh2HeZnWo6lztNsLqOUuJtp4Xvh77nfOZFgUAOw==) ( 丝,丝线) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAMABQAgAAAAAAAAAIphIOJdhvwWGIUrkqVznrW/jmXdI2WGDWRd5JcarKjXM512h4kG+JYVQAAOw==) ( 刀,割) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAMABgAgQAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgI5hI4Yli2xFgJhgmvwOJidyoGOQDXDiYVddwwr67iw+brb915Wziw8x+sFgb/HkPgCBRnLTFAZ3AAKADs=) ( 卩,人),表示用刀割断丝缕。 造字本义:动词,将丝线切断。隶化后楷书 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhGQAVAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAZABUAgAAAAAAAAAJJhI8Zya3rVAsUwFinyY6jfHWiFTJXuZRmRanR17rpG3c1hrcY5H07f7IIf4fTzSYTJnXFJm0zjLqgHBDQJmUVexuVLAaeTsKVAgA7) 将篆文字形中的“糸” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCwAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKABgAgAAAAAAAAAIrhBFxm7rY0mnQwSlrZPtRHlnUdxnfmJkd+KiW24WbhGbnVduOQvf6zjoUAAA7) 写成 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDQAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAANABQAgAAAAAAAAAIqhB+nGr2fHosSNCqdxUZveF1gWG0chGSI13lsSGFkJTJW+5lvPJs4xykAADs=) ;误将篆文字形中由“刀” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAMABQAgAAAAAAAAAIphIOJdhvwWGIUrkqVznrW/jmXdI2WGDWRd5JcarKjXM512h4kG+JYVQAAOw==) 和“人” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAMABgAgQAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgI5hI4Yli2xFgJhgmvwOJidyoGOQDXDiYVddwwr67iw+brb915Wziw8x+sFgb/HkPgCBRnLTFAZ3AAKADs=) 构成的“色” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCwAdAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAALAB0AgQAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgJGhIUph+aOApAPqDScTLbBxRgbGDRJQHmWphrZgDEXlzFSCYZ6No9c1LlVOkMH7FLxtSqc4sqJqBVzw6gzCKUyBZSplgkoAAA7) 写成 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEAAXAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAQABcAgAAAAAAAAAI3hGOpG7gPGnLwUAqbxUpHn21VB45mpZWZpKJtZ6FfvEYfl7DS+ML2aevlJjhGKhUMHnVMUJNZAAA7) 。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“绝” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEwAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAATABQAgAAAAAAAAAJAhI8WicsB2YnNSWgVwG9ZzyWgN13gNmWKo4YV9brkikXuRrJsN6O4mBnBNDmbz6SRlD7KVKvZWymHMRo1VlsUAAA7) ,依据类推简化规则,将正体楷书字形中的“糹” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDQAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAANABQAgAAAAAAAAAIqhB+nGr2fHosSNCqdxUZveF1gWG0chGSI13lsSGFkJTJW+5lvPJs4xykAADs=) 简化成“纟” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCwAVAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAALABUAgAAAAAAAAAIphB15i8GX3ANqUshqhGo3WVHdxUUS1lik5bSLeYpeFoZ0LGf5a07uUwAAOw==) 。“断”是将物体截成两段;“绝”是将丝线切成两段;“继”是将断丝相连接;“续”是传承祖业家宝。 9、泄、世,既是声旁也是形旁,是“卅”的异体字,表示三十,即数量巨大。泄,篆文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhFQAaAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAVABoAgAAAAAAAAAJchI8YqXwBHVjTUbVixNfs3HlhBWVTiZZixV7uc3qwSlOgCKaPm2objJEJd4zcihiM/W7Lk2pmwpESTNuI6DtKbiynpvHhoKDDYrh1PVq729XZYgP+inQJsmGHFQAAOw==) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCwAaAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAALABoAgAAAAAAAAAIyhBOmi4mnHkiwytcmpTMet21exkkLczJcanpa1b1mCNMk/cazhZcu5osJe75gDpVyGQoAOw==) ( 水,积水) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAcAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABwAgAAAAAAAAAI8hA+Bi8ob4oOzORqztioneVyiZYDe53XairbhW5IfTHcJt4JlekNXpQPmJipWBfUjJh9B4rHxnD2bTEMBADs=) ( 丗,即“卅”,三十),表示大量排水。 造字本义:动词,快速、大量地排水。隶书 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhGQAMAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAZAAwAggAAAAAAAAICAggICAQEBAMDAwEBAQECAwNGCCDaDuVJWCqBL0LGZC1C1wggtojO5X0fFWkZwbCfTF8XO6uavPwz1sTEQ5EAqp8DBoINKxnU0DWJ5JATkrPBIgg9U6kkAQA7) 将篆文字形中的“水” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCwAaAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAALABoAgAAAAAAAAAIyhBOmi4mnHkiwytcmpTMet21exkkLczJcanpa1b1mCNMk/cazhZcu5osJe75gDpVyGQoAOw==) 写成“三点水” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCQANAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAJAA0AggAAAAAAAAICAgQEBAMDAwECAwECAwECAwMdCDraQDASJSRg1On1dCWYJDSWNjlY85nQ1m6jkwAAOw==) ;将篆文字形中的“世” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAcAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABwAgAAAAAAAAAI8hA+Bi8ob4oOzORqztioneVyiZYDe53XairbhW5IfTHcJt4JlekNXpQPmJipWBfUjJh9B4rHxnD2bTEMBADs=) 写成 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEgAOAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAASAA4AggAAAAAAAAMDAwICAgQEBAgICAECAwECAwM6CAqy/o6IJlWDa4JxxYAEI4QTCU1oqqKi2JQuynUfY311pFU2ZmWTHEgT2PgcmuNjFQSETilSUklNAAA7) 。 10、妄、亡,既是声旁也是形旁,通“无”,表示缺乏、没有。妄,金文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDwAXAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAPABcAggAAAAAAAAICAgEBAQQEBAMDAwECAwECAwNNCKqyzk60xyYo9olSc2yDEEpcY0rWhkoASynE4r4aawJD64zrTbce2ua3CAgCRFkS2VstMKtBKBfhGCcijay3aw4fBWrlxfkkx+fZIgEAOw==) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAQAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOAA4AgAAAAAAAAAIkhB+nkNj6TIgyzsUszW7q5IVMdjXhSYkXtqwsVI5eh7qgPB4FADs=) ( 亡,即“无”,表示无知) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDQASAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAANABIAgAAAAAAAAAIohB1xu6l8HGRvompBVVi7z4GgN3JXlJAe+l1i6oqNiVAUnHWQlGlMAQA7) ( 女,妇人),表示妇人之见无理无据。在男尊女卑的封建时代,女性普遍被剥夺教育权利,被鼓励以无知为德,也被普遍认为是无知、无理的弱者。篆文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDwAZAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAPABkAgAAAAAAAAAI/hB9xC4rO0oNLtmQrlhtudlXgeHVdVDYqeYImFnEOlYbwM9GlOd71FKN8DD6iMIMzsjw6pbGJhCk8wSFJpSgAADs=) 承续金文字形。 造字本义:形容词,男尊女卑的男权社会对妇女的贬低,认为妇女没有见识,常常言行无理无据。隶化后楷书 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhFgAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAWABQAgAAAAAAAAAI4hI8Qm+3KnjQrzFlvqlFnq4VhZJXKxaUgxqwrS4HveLierLJq2uynxMv1eDUhwnTsZHTD2Qa4KgAAOw==) 将篆文字形中的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEAAMAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAQAAwAgAAAAAAAAAIjhG8ReIvqWGyzScUApvBqjUGb2CUieD4omLXrAn8xStZcvRUAOw==) 写成 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAPAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOAA8AgAAAAAAAAAIjhB2Zx6fRoooSUvcszgvA7DVPSH0XopUo4nEtN75Lip2ObRQAOw==) ,将篆文字形中的“女” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgATAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABMAgAAAAAAAAAIuhB2nG92QmJsRUlvhqfmhqTyXRDnk5n0ZEiachrZrakrxYqFrruI0GNmVdhtMAQA7) 写成 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhFwAOAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAXAA4AgAAAAAAAAAIwhI8QYZz/FnOwKrdspVl53V1SuE3jWUqiJo5r1KonhczJTDe5bqrsGwPtPMMai1IAADs=) 。 11、宣、“亘”是“宣”的本字(注:“亘”本义读 xuān(宣);“亘”合并“亙”后转读( gèn )。亘,甲骨文 是指事字,字形在收卷形状的卷册 中间加一横指事符号 ,表示将竹简文卷展开,当众宣读由天子题写、由重臣宣读的“圣旨”。后来“亘”合并了“亙”的含义,而“宣读”的本义却消失了;当“亘”的“宣读”本义消失后,甲骨文 在卷册 上方加“宀” (宫殿)另造“宣”代替,表示天子发布“圣旨”。金文 对甲骨文字形中的“亘” 底部加一横指事符号 写成 。篆文 将金文字形中的“亘” 写成 ,表示卷册两端的卷轴。有的篆文 将卷册形状 写成“曰” (说),强调“诵读”。造字本义:动词,朝廷重臣展开卷册,高声诵读由天子签署的诏告或任命。隶化后楷书 将篆文字形中的“宀” 写成 。
附一文言版《説文解字》:宣,天子宣室也。从宀,亘聲。 附二白话版《说文解字》:宣,天子发诏的大殿。字形采用“宀”作边旁,采用“亘”作声旁。 13、要、妟,既是声旁也是形旁,是“晏”的本字,表示在晴天丽日伴女游玩。要,甲骨文![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEQAdAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAARAB0AgQAAAAAAAAICAgEBAQJWhB2Zx6zw2olw0WgDanrX2oHOAnHKo1HIOamSU5JtuaYmig7jxwa6uEkJV7EOzgYyKjGYScv1/Eg5xZrJSqRKBrKn4MANjUJQJ+yVBb66YnTUrYXPXgUAOw==) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCQAIAIABAP8AAP///yH/C1hNUCBEYXRhWE1Q/z94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIP94bWxuczp4bXA9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC8iIHhtbG5zOnhtcE1NPSJodHRwOi8vbnMuYWRvYmUuY29tL3hhcC8xLjAvbW0vIiB4bW5zOnN0UmVmPSJodHRwOi8vbnMuYWRvYmUuY29tL3hhcC8xLjAvc1R5cGUvUmVzb3VyY2VSZWYjIiB4bXA6Q3JlYXRvclRvb2w9IkFkb2JlIFBob3Rvc2hvcCBDUzYgKFdpbmRvd3MpIiB4bU1NOkluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6OThCN0I1M0Q2QkI2MTFFODk2ODlBN0FFRTg4MDZDMEMiIHj/bXBNTTpEb2N1bWVudElEPSJ4bXAuZGlkOjk4QjdCNTNFNkJCNjExRTg5Njg5QTdBRUU4ODA2MEMiPiA8eG1wTU06RGVyaXZlZEZyb20gc3RSZWY6aW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDo5OEI3QjUzQjZCQjYxMUU4OTg5QTdBRUU4ODA2QzBDIiBzdFJlZjpkb2N1bWVudElEPSJ4bXAuZGlkOjk4QjdCNTNDNkJCNjFFODk2ODlBN0FFRTg4MDZDMEMiLz4gPC9yZGY6RGVzY3JpcHRpb24+IDwvcmRmOlJGPiA8L3g6eG1wbWV0YT4gPD94cGFja2V0IGVuZD0i/3IiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OPi4eDe3dzb2tnY19bV1NPS0dDPzs3My8rJyMfGxcTDwsHAv769vLu6ubi3trW0s7KxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQUEAwIBAAAh/wtNU09GRklDRTkuMA8AAAADc0JJVAEBAXwud4IAIf8LTVNPRkZJQ0U5LjAYAAAADG1zT1BNU09GRklDRTkuMALxmbSWACH/C01TT0ZGSUNFOS4wGAAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAh+QQBAAABACwAAAAACQAIAAACCoSPecHtD6NUNBUAOw==) (妟,在晴天丽日伴女游玩)![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (双手,表示邀请),表示邀约女伴游玩。金文 将甲骨文字形中的“妟” 写成 ,强调受邀女子的美目。篆文 误将金文字形中的“妟” 写成“交” ,表示女子姿势的优美。造字本义:动词,邀女游玩,讨其欢心。隶书 将金文字形中的 写成 。有的隶书 则将 简化成“西” ,以致字形面目全非。
附一文言版《説文解字》:要,身中也。象人要自之形。从,交省聲。 附二白话版《说文解字》:要,身躯的中段。像人用两手叉着腰部的样子。字形采用“”作边旁,采用省略了声母的“交”作声旁。 14、精、青,既是声旁也是形旁,是“倩”的省略,表示好看的、漂亮的。精,金文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEgAXAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAASABcAgQAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgJPhG8RJgK60BHqwbjiuXDn53WbJZJIBSqOeVpJckkyXJJoKHcad4MnH/rMQJRU5nOscAY8HVIpgTiYr95r5DHVflffzLoNcoaupyZ67pLRBQA7) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCwATAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAALABMAgAAAAAAAAAImhB2nwQn+2ItONjrRkRuq/VGNN47fFWKnyU0XZ8VIAsv1rKbeGhYAOw==) ( 米,稻粟) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCgAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKABgAgAAAAAAAAAIsTACGp8aYnINyUgnvydFmzEVhl2jVUj4ix1TuBG/mpqTtXX/r/IoPyBotAgUAOw==) ( 青,“倩”,漂亮),表示特别好看的大米。篆文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEQAZAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAARABkAgQAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgJshCdhi7MgjIiywtpuzFQMdEHT2AGZEpCJNILL+CiTY8gTgJotq4qqwqI9RDzVxocT2To90eeGSayMwBLTA70gUjbUKqULGV86rlNJ1BShN5fMNz1EImByyB2SKIRzHMXC8JeVZpfHMoQ4FFEAADs=) 承续金文字形。 造字本义:名词,经过筛选的上等稻米,粒长而均匀、晶白而莹润、高级而漂亮。隶化后楷书 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhFQAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAVABQAgAAAAAAAAAJIhI8JoRm/zmPNQCgXVZf5m2GT5WnIOFpamq3TuzbvNnNsfcZo9PUia8KcQDmgywaTEIetmClHItEcsI1S+FRRrREopxIFixkFADs=) 将篆文字形中的“青” ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAAaAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAMABoAgQAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgJMhC1yCwNp3FFPBYoUfOumFDBA+IkTxnyq6IkOKYThoNZldbSnM9CovcnIcCfbIsHzHWOyYMUYEUhGTunyQAsdsagGxok4MWgSbcpQAAA7) 写成 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAAXAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAMABcAgAAAAAAAAAIvhB2nm6sBQWOwvprmyfhi/UmW14nlFmWSg5zbS5lgpyHXvdbf2KqzA3rVKMOHoQAAOw==) 。“精”是谷子舂捣加工后经过筛选的上等稻米;“粗”是谷子舂捣加工后尚未吹粉去粹、勉强可以食用的杂米;“糙”是初步舂捣加工后尚未筛去糠尘、食之难以下咽的杂米。在中医观念中,“精”是生命能量的最高级形式,用以化血化气养神,精气有限,精竭人枯; “神 ”来自于受孕时的父母“两精相搏”,是统领生命的天真魂灵,若不自觉持守,容易在后天耗散。 15、辩、辯,篆文![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEwAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAATABgAgAAAAAAAAAJPRB6gq3htoks0sjUvdtpM5H3V41mZlITpQ4Lb5kpw23zyeKPivnLZyXnVUphiBcIgqYjKn88XQpqUUmYxyQyWkkaLt9bBXohh8jZ8lpYXBQA7) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (辡,涉及刑事的双方,原告与被告)![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (言,诉讼),表示原先与被告诉讼争论。造字本义:动词,古代庭审诉讼时原告和被告双方的论争。隶化后楷书 将篆文字形中的“辡” 写成 ,将篆文字形中的“言” 写成 。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“辩” ,依据类推简化规则,将正体楷书字形中的“言” 简化成“讠” 。16、谦、兼,既是声旁也是形旁,是“歉”的省略,表示歉意。謙,篆文![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhFQAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAVABgAgAAAAAAAAAJYhI8Ymw3LwpMJHslMvJBq/ISKGGJddqYqZ37WVF1smX3wpNYmqnfwlnuVcMQdz2ezHSNBEEdmeQFJtxsT6cOSPEahVVMcukRTJ4uyo3kcQKQDHKW+ZUlDAQA7) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (言,说)![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (兼,即“歉”,内疚),表示表达愧疚。造字本义:动词,对自身的失误或不完善表示愧歉不安,保持深刻自省。隶化后楷书 将篆文字形中的“言” 写成 ,将篆文字形中的“兼” 写成 。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“谦” ,依据类推简化规则,将正体楷书字形中的“言” 简化成“讠” 。
附一 文言版《説文解字》:謙,敬也。从言,兼聲。 附二白话版《说文解字》:谦,表达对他人的恭敬。字形采用“言”作边旁,采用“兼”作声旁。 17、敢、敢,甲骨文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEQAeAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAARAB4AgAAAAAAAAAJFhB2nq8kPgpMQSVotzvG6TG0VlpRjJzZoungfd0Wcxj7fO8NyHDehi9Oghi1gr1gKwTy54zInRICAoIPTZq0xXLMf1FIAADs=) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAZAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABkAgAAAAAAAAAI2hB9xy8mf1FtuUhlnzHrbLUGeBTiVqHCNGTalcbZV1sLleIH5rcK6xjt1eijhKtjxGW8X0qMAADs=) ( 豕,头朝下的野猪) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgATAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABMAgAAAAAAAAAIpRIAWl+sPoXJTtXVnfHpjijBW6GHXlqSdmpps676jTIpyfNs5nfEhWwAAOw==) ( 罩口向上的“畢”,抓捕禽兽的罩网) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) ( 又,抓持),表示勇士手持毕罩,迎面抓捕野猪或其他野兽。有的甲骨文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDwAeAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAPAB4AgAAAAAAAAAJHhH8RyLm6moFKzhotiFnWrU1bJz5cQ2EQmpIOpT0h8nlOSZsc2ab5BczpRrzWrMYK2kwiRm/kVPkuO+ILCbWyVDaoKzpLAAoAOw==) 误将 “畢 ”![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgATAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABMAgAAAAAAAAAIpRIAWl+sPoXJTtXVnfHpjijBW6GHXlqSdmpps676jTIpyfNs5nfEhWwAAOw==) 写成 “中 ”![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDQAVAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAANABUAgAAAAAAAAAIvhAOhmuYIF2xSnlofTexmB4YihyHXZpFoZ0Vs97ylHC+qyNihre8ujhmlhKbRpQAAOw==) 。金文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDwAeAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAPAB4AgAAAAAAAAAJHhIOmqwHJljtRolstzGfX5EWYM30Xxj0gd6LM+Jjp/DZTaask3rWhqgO+brdPkKf5iZDDU2YHbR55oBU117H5nMGs1xNCFAAAOw==) 将甲骨文字形中的野猪形状 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAZAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABkAgAAAAAAAAAI2hB9xy8mf1FtuUhlnzHrbLUGeBTiVqHCNGTalcbZV1sLleIH5rcK6xjt1eijhKtjxGW8X0qMAADs=) 简写成不知所云的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDwASAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAPABIAgAAAAAAAAAIpRB6gy2bXokJyLhpRelXjrlXMJ3ISBoFJ6jTes7lerF5nSMKzvIo5UwAAOw==) 。有的金文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEAAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAQABgAgAAAAAAAAAJAhBGpcY1vlJso0cMWozLejVlX1H2WVFZNOmljlYmtw6o2fctkjNGaa+uAhqcYUAWUoXgQ2GYRJHlqzZfH2gMUAAA7) 将甲骨文字形中 “甲 ”字形的毕罩 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgATAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABMAgAAAAAAAAAIpRIAWl+sPoXJTtXVnfHpjijBW6GHXlqSdmpps676jTIpyfNs5nfEhWwAAOw==) 倒写成 “由 ”字形的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDQAPAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAANAA8AgAAAAAAAAAImhB1xy7rqQHrwTIuknDX5721a2EVXxm2g+o1QR6mIc5IptTJsZBQAOw==) 。有的金文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEQAZAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAARABkAgAAAAAAAAAJChINoy5ffYguS0aXqo7m65FldCGKXyXWndpXe9m7rpKwjYJ/urqoYnoGAhkKZCwisJVFHx0dZutVykpQsEoRoQrQCADs=) 将 “由 ”字形的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAQAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABAAgAAAAAAAAAIphB+nG80LknIyOtPSvcjm/3kgaCEctWWeOKrtpFUqhqWmGefwCNXcUQAAOw==) 写成 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDQAQAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAANABAAgAAAAAAAAAImhB+nGr3rHosgJXSrzY137HTiSJbal03UaYSX2G4SGlZsXKakUgAAOw==) ,至此 “畢 ”形 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgATAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABMAgAAAAAAAAAIpRIAWl+sPoXJTtXVnfHpjijBW6GHXlqSdmpps676jTIpyfNs5nfEhWwAAOw==) 完全消失。籀文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEgAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAASABgAgAAAAAAAAAJMBIJot81xlIFJzjjhUjXlLVEeE4UVKGqNirUOCY+ZvK5cfH7i23oyVXKZOrOHY1fKdUKbmPEC4jFrLw7LYoM2q7mP1KW1YcNZnvlQAAA7) 将金文字形中 “豕 ”![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDgAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAOABQAgAAAAAAAAAIrjA+per3PDIToyUhRzW6mPoFAMI5iaZLbZUlb+34pG8V1mi00o5Ne/wMCCgA7) 和 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDAAPAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAMAA8AgAAAAAAAAAIjhB2nGrn8WDtpItpsxrPmD24hUJFfZJIc4j1ip25m6LCyUQAAOw==) 构成的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDwAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAPABgAgAAAAAAAAAI7BIJoyxZ3VJuR0meTwzdyW4HeRyaSw5QbaH7L017K2Wio/NI5qsEY94u1Tj5TKOWy7UKuW65pVE56lAIAOw==) 写成 “彐 ”![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDQANAIABAAAAAP///yH/C1hNUCBEYXRhWE1Q/z94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIP94bWxuczp4bXA9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC8iIHhtbG5zOnhtcE1NPSJodHRwOi8vbnMuYWRvYmUuY29tL3hhcC8xLjAvbW0vIiB4bW5zOnN0UmVmPSJodHRwOi8vbnMuYWRvYmUuY29tL3hhcC8xLjAvc1R5cGUvUmVzb3VyY2VSZWYjIiB4bXA6Q3JlYXRvclRvb2w9IkFkb2JlIFBob3Rvc2hvcCBDUzYgKFdpbmRvd3MpIiB4bU1NOkluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6NkY2RTdDOTQ3M0QzMTFFODhCODdEMkE1MjQ2NzJBMTIiIHj/bXBNTTpEb2N1bWVudElEPSJ4bXAuZGlkOjZGNkU3Qzk1NzNEMzExRTg4Qjg3RDJBNTI0NjcyMTIiPiA8eG1wTU06RGVyaXZlZEZyb20gc3RSZWY6aW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDo2RjZFN0M5MjczRDMxMUU4Qjg3RDJBNTI0NjcyQTEyIiBzdFJlZjpkb2N1bWVudElEPSJ4bXAuZGlkOjZGNkU3QzkzNzNEMzFFODhCODdEMkE1MjQ2NzJBMTIiLz4gPC9yZGY6RGVzY3JpcHRpb24+IDwvcmRmOlJGPiA8L3g6eG1wbWV0YT4gPD94cGFja2V0IGVuZD0i/3IiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OPi4eDe3dzb2tnY19bV1NPS0dDPzs3My8rJyMfGxcTDwsHAv769vLu6ubi3trW0s7KxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQUEAwIBAAAh/wtNU09GRklDRTkuMA8AAAADc0JJVAEBAXwud4IAIf8LTVNPRkZJQ0U5LjAYAAAADG1zT1BNU09GRklDRTkuMALxmbSWACH/C01TT0ZGSUNFOS4wGAAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAh+QQBAAABACwAAAAADQANAAACGowNCYfqet5jdNIImdy8u4slYPA1nLmF5VEAADs=) (又)和 “月 ”![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCwAVAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAALABUAgAAAAAAAAAIqhAOharmPVprMNRfhO1vKW1VcpoUIxnxNeq7sxVnwO2e1fYuuvsOgDyoAADs=) (肉)构成的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCgAcAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKABwAgAAAAAAAAAIyhBF5mN27VGBuVncsNXei70FitGUXp6BearWdCj+mWm11Ooe5znyQxAP+MBHZcIQTBQoAOw==) 。篆文 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEQAZAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAARABkAgAAAAAAAAAJHhAOhxp0KkWsRMovqoza9PHkb9h3ZIl1oKjqayapShb10+l6heZTxNuJxYJHJ6uaauYwz3GLoe0I/Ug6uZdyFOtppV/g1FQAAOw==) 则将金文字形中的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDQAQAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAANABAAgAAAAAAAAAImhB+nGr3rHosgJXSrzY137HTiSJbal03UaYSX2G4SGlZsXKakUgAAOw==) 写成 “古 ”![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCwASAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAALABIAgAAAAAAAAAIlhB1xi7ypHlB0TojhzYlp2YSd1m3Wx6FpVB5li7CRK1cq52FHAQA7) 。 造字本义:动词,勇士持网持械抓捕野兽。隶化后楷书 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhFgATAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAWABMAgAAAAAAAAAJDhA+hF+isFmrPNQpxNRLud1HaFkVcJppYWJrJorXXVyZ2Sk6cSHarW6n5OhYfasTwvHbBm3NC3LFAwOSph2R+ttFKAQA7) 将籀文字形中的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCgAcAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKABwAgAAAAAAAAAIyhBF5mN27VGBuVncsNXei70FitGUXp6BearWdCj+mWm11Ooe5znyQxAP+MBHZcIQTBQoAOw==) 写成 “工 ”![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEgANAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAASAA0AgAAAAAAAAAIjhI8Qu+nK2oNM2WkrdnIf7X2BAT5RZFLolaEj0pxsIoeUDRQAOw==) 和 “耳 ”![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDwASAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAPABIAgAAAAAAAAAIvhG+RwQjKYoNSnfami7dju0kZeJGZM5bmyHFIm4Yv9qp0ma5Pfi9f3/GhQjoUqAAAOw==) 混合的 ![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDwAXAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAPABcAgAAAAAAAAAI6hH+hyOrLQJAwtmpNnflhTXlS6CBcOF7aOUGn+aAqHJXre5d2srQfBcOlSMJez+JL1my7xLCJ/CEPBQA7) ,将籀文字形中的 “殳 ”![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhCgAcAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAKABwAgAAAAAAAAAIwRICZx+YeonwrmoMm1VPfjGWVt2yS15AKB13MqbqVG77xrJQ5GOa9/xvtPsMbsVgAADs=) 写成 “反文旁 ”![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhDwAUAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAAPABQAgAAAAAAAAAIuhBFxy5bdkoJH0vVuZWrWKYVf2CGY50Slk20IiKqmJmpvrFqUpXNcfSHZhDRTAQA7) 。 18、锐、兑,既是声旁也是形旁,是“悦”的本字,表示得意、喜悦。銳,篆文![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEgAaAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAASABoAgAAAAAAAAAJPhI8Rp9nJEFDPtGpnXZnxt32bxpEkhUoLFpWX5KCl58oz5UG0up+3bLHxYBMirvUKriLF5hFkEjGdnRpyiTvqpqOsSQNZdprEHrl8ZqE9BQA7) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (金,金属)![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (兑,兑变),强调锋刃变利。造字本义:名词,金属烧锻磨砺后的锋刃。隶化后楷书 将篆文字形中的“金” 写成 ,将篆文字形中的“兑” 写成 。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“锐” ,依据类推简化规则,将正体楷书字形中的“金” 简化成“钅” 。
附一文言版《説文解字》:銳,芒也。从金,兌聲。㓹,籒文銳从厂剡。 附二白话版《说文解字》:锐,锋尖。字形采用“金”作边旁,采用“兑”作声旁。㓹,这是籒文写法的“銳”,采用“厂、剡”会义。 19、虚、“虚”是“墟”的本字。虚,金文![](http://data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhEwAYAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAATABYAggAAAAAAAAEBAQICAgMDAwQEBAECAwECAwNvCLoqOyw2MAS0LsRBhq9W9XnKt3QEVVGAVZDn6jkqBBFCDs4j1IAOmyq4wLA0DN+DBIzkLBueM6SctWic1k0Gy9WuCiSrgcVKkkGuUlLFps4wa+mMe350sCnvTjvH+nAtVyKCEGIYeHY9SSxrjQsJADs=) ![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (“虍”的变形,虎头,借代老虎)![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (两个“匕”,表示虎爪)![](http://data:image/png;base64,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) (土,地域),表示虎豹横行之地。篆文 误将金文字形中由“爪” 和“土” 合成的 写成了“丘” 。造字本义:名词,虎豹横行、了无人烟的地方。隶化后楷书 将篆文字形中的 写成 ,将篆文字形中的 写成 。当“虚”的本义消失后,俗体楷书再加“土”另造“墟”代替。
附一文言版《説文解字》:虚,大丘也。崐崘丘謂之崐崘虛。古者九夫爲井,四井爲邑,四邑爲丘。丘謂之虛。从丘,虍聲。 附二白话版《说文解字》:虚,大山丘。崐仑丘也被称为崐仑虛。古代的行政区划法是,九夫为“井”,四井为“邑”,四邑为“丘”。“丘”也叫作“虛”。字形采用“丘”作边旁,“虍”作声旁。 三、翻译 所以说,游说于人还有五种游说方法:病辞、怨辞、忧辞、怒辞、喜辞。病辞,让人听了感到气馁,而没有精神;怨辞,让人听了藏恨于心,牢骚太多以致肠断失去主见;忧辞,让人听了想得太多,不会抒发胸臆;怒辞,指行事冲动,语无伦次;喜辞,指夸夸其谈,注意力分散,抓不住要领。这五种情况,精通它才可以很好运用,对己方有利方可行之。 所以和智慧的人说话,要靠渊博的知识;和笨拙的人说话,要能言善辩;和能言善辩的人说话,要善于抓住要点。和高贵的人说话,要有宏达的气势;和富人说话,要用尊敬的态度;和穷人说话,要从利益方面入手;和卑贱者说话,要态度谦和;和勇敢者说话,要果敢有力;和愚蠢者说话,要言辞锐利。这是游说他人的原则,但是一般人在游说中常常违背了这些原则。 四、理解联想事例 范进中举 五、今日提问 昨天的经文,讲述因为“出言欲听,举事欲成”的人之常情,不肖者因此也成为天下可用之才。今天的经文进一步讲述各类人才的特征和应对原则。今天提请大家的思考的问题是:不贤者权术失败,会反被控制;请问这种控制和反控制是怎么实现的? 不贤者权术失败,会反被控制:是游说方没有在合道合数合时的情况下,使用这五种游说方法,自己反而被或病、或恐、或忧、或怒、或喜所控制,被代入或被带跑。所谓道行不深非但不能降妖除魔,反而会被妖魔所控。 不使用权术的人,却会反控制使权术的人:事物都有两面性,阳还终阴,阴极反阳。阴阳相求,由捭阖也。不使用权术的人,不会意识到对方在给其设圈套,完全不接招,反而会激惹对方或病、或恐、或忧、或怒、或喜,机关算尽反败一片赤诚。所谓机关算尽太聪明,聪明反被聪明误。 正确的聊天方式:与阳言者,依崇高;与阴言者,依卑小。以下求小,以高求大。 |