论坛 › 重读黄帝阴符经 › 陈慧Michelle的读书笔记

陈慧Michelle 发表于 2020-11-3 19:22:34

本帖最后由 陈慧Michelle 于 2020-11-3 21:22 编辑

第三天11月03日 原文：其盗机也，天下莫能见，莫能知也。君子得之固躬，小人得之轻命。 查字：其：“其”的字源解说我评站长的解说： 1分2分3分4分5分

网友总评： 0分


“其”是“箕”的本字。其，简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/28/20200328115951491361.gif是象形字，字形像有两个提手盛具https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120102431404.gif，盛具由竹篾交错编织https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120219501696.gif而成，是“箕”的本字。简体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120541846233.gif、简体篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120645913600.gif承续简体甲骨文字形。繁体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120443108261.gif加“廾”写成会义字：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120443108261.gifhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022016451334.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120521242162.gif（竹制盛具）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022016818280.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120500929111.gif（廾，双手持举），表示手持簸箕，在风中扬去谷物的皮壳，三点指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120527517250.gif表示簸箕https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120521242162.gif上方飘飞的皮壳糠屑。繁体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120711421933.gif误将繁体甲骨文字形中的“廾”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120500929111.gif连写成“丌”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120728203360.gif。有的繁体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120736489164.gif误将本该写成“廾”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120728203360.gif写成一横两点的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120751977244.gif。繁体篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120837410166.gif承续繁体金文字形。造字本义：名词，竹篾编织成的开口簸箕，是农家的轻便盛具，可用于舂谷时颠簸扬糠。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120929550519.gif将篆文字形中的竹框“data:image/png;base64,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”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120916623977.gif、与“廾”字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120922228454.gif上部的一横https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329120808859206.gif所构成的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329121230279523.gif，连写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/29/20200329121238285948.gif，导致字形费解。当“其”的本义消失后，甲骨文再加“筐”另造“箕”代替。
附一 文言版《説文解字》：箕，簸也。从竹、data:image/png;base64,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，象形，下其丌也。data:image/png;base64,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，古文箕省。其，籀文箕。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：其，箕簸。字形采用“竹、data:image/png;base64,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”会义，象形，下部是箕脚丌。data:image/png;base64,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，古文的写法是“箕”省略“竹”。其，就是籀文写法的“箕”字。

盗：盗，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825959485.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825776393.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825577433.png（次，贪欲）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825410174.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825181971.png（舟，过河越界），表示因贪越界劫掠。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825146721.png加“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825821833.png、加“火”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825699049.png，并误将甲骨文字形中的“舟”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825181971.png写成“皿”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825732370.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825958197.png省去金文字形中的“火”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825699049.png，将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825135417.png简写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825625216.png，将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825732370.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825467648.png。造字本义：动词，出于贪欲，过河越界，劫物掠货。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825160409.png将篆文字形中的“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825714378.png简写成“两点水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825966796.png；将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825625216.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825472884.png；将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825467648.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825474654.png。“盗”的字形演变图示　　“次”：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825577433.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825263582.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825135417.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825263582.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825625216.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825263582.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825472884.png；　“舟”：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825181971.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825263582.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825732370.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825263582.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825467648.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825263582.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105825474654.png。
附一 文言版《説文解字》：盗，私利物也。从㳄，㳄，欲皿者。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：盗，偷偷地将好东西窃为已有。字形采用“㳄”作边旁。㳄，表示对他人的贵重器皿垂涎欲滴。

機：“幾”是“機”的本字。幾，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603120159.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603791556.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603350778.png（丝，绳线、弓弦）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603478978.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603837154.png（矢，箭只）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603478978.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603548887.png（戈，武器），表示控制搭箭的弓弦的扣板。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603352235.png误将金文字形中的“矢”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603837154.png（箭）写成“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603568129.png。当“幾”的“扣板”本义消失后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603797372.png再加“木”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603312006.png另造“機”代替，强调扣板的木质特征。造字本义：名词，弩弓上控制发射的扣板。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603262693.png将篆文字形中https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603312006.png的写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021604576767.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021604592747.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021604106685.png。《汉字简化方案》用“机”合并简化“機”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：機，主發謂之機。从木，幾聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：機，控制发射的扣板叫“機”。字形采用“木”作边旁，采用“幾”作声旁。

也：“它”与“虫”、“也”同源，都是“蛇”的本字，后分化。也，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426601720.png像头尖、身长的蛇。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426701140.png、https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426943124.png将蛇头https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426710645.png写成“箭号”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426835916.png或棱形的“大头”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426320891.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426990235.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426668281.png将甲骨文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426943124.png中的“大头”形状https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426320891.png变形成变“大腹”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426706249.png。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426691031.png则在蛇的“大腹”部位加一竖指事符号，表示蛇腹中的吞噬物，强调蛇腹神奇的弹性与消化能力，突出“蛇吞象”的特性。造字本义：动词，蛇性贪婪，无所不吞。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426448782.png在金文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426668281.png的基础上大大变形，淡化了蛇腹形象。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426663202.png隐约还保留蛇头、蛇身的形象，有的隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104426623375.png变形后蛇形尽失。附一 文言版《説文解字》：也，女陰也。象形。data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA0AAAAOAQMAAADOsQSRAAAEDGdJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDozQUQ2N0Q3M0ZCMzMxMUU5OEQyRUI4MjAxRkE5MERFRSIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDozQUQ2N0Q3NEZCMzMxMUU5OEQyRUI4MjAxRkE5MEVFIj4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6M0FENjdENzFGQjMzMTFFOThERUI4MjAxRkE5MERFRSIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDozQUQ2N0Q3MkYzMzExRTk4RDJFQjgyMDFGQTkwREVFIi8+IDwvcmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uPiA8L3JkZjpSREY+IDwveDp4bXBtZXQ+IDw/eHBhY2tldCBlbmQ9InIiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OPi4eDf3t3c29rZ2NfW1dTT0tHQz87NzMvKycjHxsXEw8LBwL++vby7urm4t7a1s7KxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQQDAgEAefwO4AAAAANzQklUAQEBfC53ggAAAAZQTFRFAAAA////pdmf3QAAAAJ0Uk5T/wDltzBKAAAAAWJLR0QB/wIt3gAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAAABxJREFUGNNj+F7BAEFAAGF8qGC4/wMVvWB4wAEAlb0UdhepxfsAAAAASUVORK5CYII=，秦刻石也字。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：也，女阴。象形。data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA0AAAAOAQMAAADOsQSRAAAEDGdJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDozQUQ2N0Q3M0ZCMzMxMUU5OEQyRUI4MjAxRkE5MERFRSIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDozQUQ2N0Q3NEZCMzMxMUU5OEQyRUI4MjAxRkE5MEVFIj4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6M0FENjdENzFGQjMzMTFFOThERUI4MjAxRkE5MERFRSIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDozQUQ2N0Q3MkYzMzExRTk4RDJFQjgyMDFGQTkwREVFIi8+IDwvcmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uPiA8L3JkZjpSREY+IDwveDp4bXBtZXQ+IDw/eHBhY2tldCBlbmQ9InIiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OPi4eDf3t3c29rZ2NfW1dTT0tHQz87NzMvKycjHxsXEw8LBwL++vby7urm4t7a1s7KxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQQDAgEAefwO4AAAAANzQklUAQEBfC53ggAAAAZQTFRFAAAA////pdmf3QAAAAJ0Uk5T/wDltzBKAAAAAWJLR0QB/wIt3gAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAAABxJREFUGNNj+F7BAEFAAGF8qGC4/wMVvWB4wAEAlb0UdhepxfsAAAAASUVORK5CYII=，是秦代刻石的“也”字。

天：天，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156445015.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156712199.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156425128.png（口，即“日”的简写，太阳）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156350211.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015625418374.gif（大，成年人），表示人的头顶上方、日月星辰所在的太空。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156652098.png将“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015625418374.gif写成“夫”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015828783336.gif。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156925633.png用“上”代替“日”：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156925633.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156712199.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156113321.png（上，与地相对的空间）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156350211.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156674523.png（大，成年人），表示在人的头顶之上的太空。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156971157.png将“上”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604051734652453.gif和“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604051944132440.gif混写。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156494771.png承续甲骨文字形。简体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156453137.png将甲骨文字形中的“上”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156113321.png简写成“一”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156381521.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156188550.png承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，人类头顶上方的太空苍穹。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156435023.png将篆文字形中的“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156671788.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156995330.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：天，顚也。至高無上，从一、大。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：天，头顶。至高无上，字形由“一、大”构成。

下：“下”是特殊指事字，字形由两横构成，顶端一横较长，底端的一横较短。古人用https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015230484515.png代表混沌太初状态；用https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015230122422.png（二，由两个“一”组成，两横一样长）代表从混沌太初中分化出来的、相并列的天与地。古人调整表示天与地、等长的两横https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015230122422.png，以短横方向表示朝天、或朝地的方向。甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015230147841.png将表示“天”的北端横线写得较短，表示天、或朝天的方向；甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015140981551.png将表示“地”的南端横线写成得较短，表示地、或朝地的方向。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015230162915.png承续甲骨文字形。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015230353918.png为区别于数目字“二”，在两横之间加一竖指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015230978137.png，以显示纵的方向。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015230924770.png省去短横。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015230842678.png承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，与天相对的地。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015230635098.png承续金文字形。“上”的本义为天，“下”的本义为地。附一 文言版《説文解字》：data:image/png;base64,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，底也。指事。下，篆文data:image/png;base64,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。   
附二 白话版《说文解字》：data:image/png;base64,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，底部。“下”是指事字。下，篆文写作“data:image/png;base64,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”。

莫：“莫”是“暮”的本字。莫，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427094857393933.gifhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015119286866.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/15/20200215115729441856.gif（两个“林”，林莽）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015119684541.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427093905217792.gif（日，太阳），表示太阳下山，阳光隐没在丛林草野。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427094416559013.gif将丛林https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/15/20200215115729441856.gif改成草丛“茻”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427094754531986.gif。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427100414602708.gif、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427095236999863.gif承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：动词，太阳下山，阳光隐入丛林草野。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427093518753818.gif误将篆文字形下端的“艸”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/16/20200216120118378420.gif（草丛）当作两只手而连写成“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427093642991137.gif。当“莫”的“太阳下山”本义消失后，隶书再加“日”另造“暮”代替。日在草上为“早”，日在草中为“莫”（暮），日在树下为“杳”。古人称日升而天地分明为“旦”，称日落而天地不分为“莫”（通“暮”）。附一 文言版《説文解字》：莫，日且冥也。从日，在艸中。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：莫，太阳快下山。字形采用“日”作边旁，像太阳落在草丛中。

能：“能”是“熊”的本字。能，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414179974.png像大型动物，字形突出了它的大嘴和利爪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414838871.png。造字本义：名词，体形庞大但善于爬树的熊。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414254991.png突出了圆头、大口利齿https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414459051.png、利爪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414793129.png的特征。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414792020.png将https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414254991.png分离成四个字件。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414735855.png将金文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414792020.png中的熊头和大嘴https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414459051.png写成“厶”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414974073.png和“月”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414105065.png。隶书将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414974073.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414957640.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414296547.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414763789.png。当“能”的熊本义消失后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022414677718.png再加“火”另造“熊”代替。附一 文言版《説文解字》：能，熊屬。足似鹿。从肉，㠯聲。能獸堅中，故稱賢能；而彊壯，稱能傑也。凡能之屬皆从能。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：能，熊属。足形似鹿。字形采用“肉”作边旁，“㠯”作声旁。能（熊）是兽的中坚，因此称贤者为“能”；而强壮者，则称为“能杰”。所有与能相关的字，都采用“能”作边旁。

见：見，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137129573.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137769046.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137827031.png（目，用眼看）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137307195.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137394675.png（人，人类），表示人眼的动作。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137535053.png承续甲骨文字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137651063.png将金文字形中的“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137992966.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137515496.png。造字本义：动词，睁着眼睛看。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137149106.png将篆文字形中的“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137515496.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137728360.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“见”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137871660.png，依据草书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023137439386.png，局部简化。向前看为“见”，回头看为“艮”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：見，視也。从儿，从目。凡見之屬皆从見。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：见，视，看。字形采用“儿、目”会义。所有与见相关的字，都采用“见”作边旁。

知：“知”是“智”的本字。矢，既是声旁也是形旁，表示箭，借代行猎、作战。知，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702947251.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702714676.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702978329.png（干，武器，借代行猎、作战）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702998857.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702897854.png（口，谈论）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702998857.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702900734.png（矢，武器，借代行猎、作战），表示谈论和传授行猎、作战的经验。在远古时代，弯弓使箭是成年人的基本常识和重要经验。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702577998.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702205237.png省去“干”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702453295.png，简化字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702949824.png承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，谈论和传授行猎、作战的经验。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702192883.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702484675.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702275600.png。当“知”的形容词含义“聪明、有战略”消失后，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702900151.png再加“曰”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022702919768.png（说，传授）另造“智”代替，强调谈论和传授经验。附一 文言版《説文解字》：知，詞也。从口，从矢。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：知，表达了解、明白时的措词。字形采用“口、矢”会义。

君：“尹”是“君”的本字。君，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401597427.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401194014.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401743606.png（手执权杖）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401315360.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401911978.png（口，命令），表示握权执政，管理事务。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401567237.png将甲骨文字形中的手和权杖https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401743606.png连写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401886858.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401362317.png承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，发号施令，执政治国。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401410955.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401466863.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023401683494.png。古人称开创缔枝为巢时代的首领为“帝”；称手持特大战斧的首领为“王”；称文治天下的智慧首领为“君”；称头戴金冠的至上王者为“皇”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：君，尊也。从尹，發號，故从口。data:image/png;base64,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，古文像君坐形。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：君，天下至尊。字形采用“尹”作边旁，表示管理万千事务；因为发号施令，所以同时采用“口”作边旁。data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAAOAQMAAAAhc2+vAAAEDGdJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDpBNDI4MDVBNkY5MzUxMUU5OTRCRDlENDE1ODM0MDI0RCIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDpBNDI4MDVBN0Y5MzUxMUU5OTRCRDlENDE1ODM0MDREIj4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6NDI4MDVBNEY5MzUxMUU5OTRCRDlENDE1ODM0MDI0RCIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDpBNDI4MDU1RjkzNTExRTk5NEJEOUQ0MTU4MzQwMjREIi8+IDwvcmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uPiA8L3JkZjpSREY+IDwveDp4bW1ldGE+IDw/eHBhY2tldCBlbmQ9InIiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OPi4eDf3t3c29rZ2NfW1dTT0tHQz87NzMvKycjHxsXEw8LBwL++vby7urm4t7a1tLOysbCvrq2sq6qop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQQDAgEALBgysQAAAANzQklUAQEBfC53ggAAAAZQTFRFAAAA////pdmf3QAAAAJ0Uk5T/wDltzBKAAAAAWJLR0QB/wIt3gAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAAACNJREFUGNNjuL+BIWwBCLExMADZQLQfjOo/MDQYQNlA1GAAAFgbEJoDEs7JAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC，这是古文的“君”字，像君主端坐的样子。

子：子，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031711815.png像一幅幼儿的线描，画出了幼儿的脑袋https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031227535.png、头发https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031743175.png、两脚https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031916783.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031594304.png简化字形，像幼儿两脚被裹在襁褓里，露出脑袋https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031219562.png，挥动两臂https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031600296.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031949887.png承续甲骨文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031594304.png。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031291148.png综合甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031711815.png和甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031935175.png的字形。有的籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031620622.png像坐在凳子https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031486661.png上的小孩https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031887501.png，挥动着两手https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031713061.png。造字本义：名词，包裹在襁褓中挥动两臂、尚不能独立的幼儿。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031570888.png淡化了篆文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031695628.png中襁褓婴儿的两手形象。“私”即“厶”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031667964.png，是头部朝下、尚未出生的神秘胎儿；“了”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031130851.png是刚出生的、性别确然可辨的幼婴；“子”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031695628.png是挥动两臂、两腿包裹在襁褓中、尚不能独立活动的幼儿；“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031261128.png是顶天立地的成年人；“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105031902745.png是双手采摘或在地里忙活的劳动者。附一 文言版《説文解字》：子，十一月，陽气動，萬物滋，人以爲偁。象形。凡子之屬皆从子。㜽，古文子，从巛，象髮也。data:image/png;base64,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，籀文子，囟有发，臂胫在几上也。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：“子”作边旁。㜽，这是古文写法的“子”字，字形采用“巛”作边旁，巛，像幼儿的头发。data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAVAQMAAABMl03KAAAEDGdJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDpDNzAyRDI4M0Y2RTcxMUU5OERDQzg4MEE5NTVGN0QzNyIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDpDNzAyRDI4NEY2RTcxMUU5OERDQzg4MEE5NTVGNzM3Ij4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6QzcwMkQyODFGNkU3MTFFOThEQzg4MEE5NTVGN0QzNyIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDpDNzAyRDI4MkY2RTcxMUU5OERDQzg4MEE5NUY3RDM3Ii8+IDwvcmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uPiA8L3JkZjpSREY+IDwveDp4bXBtZXRhPiA8eHBhY2tldCBlbmQ9InIiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OPi4eDf3t3c29rZ2NfW1dTT0dDPzs3My8rJyMfGxcTDwsHAv769vLu6ubi3trW0s7KxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQQDAgEA83v6ZQAAAANzQklUAQEBfC53ggAAAAZQTFRFAAAA////pdmf3QAAAAJ0Uk5T/wDltzBKAAAAAWJLR0QB/wIt3gAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAAAEJJREFUGNNjePeG4e4dht17QCSQ3cDDsCyHYecbEAlkv93CwNvD8HYPA+8WhrctDH//MDQwMOz/wfDBhuH7FobzRwCM1hwuLENyYAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==，这是籀文写法的“子”字，头顶有头发，手臂与小腿都放在几案上。

得：得，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836957414.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836359904.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836699801.png（手，拾）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836929251.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836378452.png（贝，最原始货币），表示拾贝。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836461451.png加“彳”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836135386.png（行进），表示古代中原人长途跋涉到湖海之滨寻觅和拾捡贝壳。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836112131.png承续繁体甲骨文字形。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836775386.png承续简体甲骨文字形。有的篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836675991.png加“彳”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836945172.png，同时误将籀文字形中的的“贝”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836244183.png写成“见”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836499763.png。造字本义：动词，捡到贝壳，喜获财富。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836567423.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836945172.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836158708.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836786586.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105836802651.png。远行拾获海贝为“得”；远行深山采集有所收获为“遂”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：得，行有所得也。从彳，㝵聲。䙷，古文省彳。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：得，远行探索而有所获。字形采用“彳”作边旁，采用“㝵”作声旁。䙷，这是古文写法的“得”字，省略了“彳”。

之：之，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152205362.png是指事字，在“止”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152488630.png（脚）下面加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152102750.png，表示脚踏大地。造字本义：动词，足履平地，徒步前往。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152151440.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152958261.png承续甲骨文字形。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152173792.png严重变形。楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152911924.png承续隶书字形，“止”形消失。古汉字中的人称来源，体现了古人的自我中心意识：脸部的正中央为“自”（鼻子，第一人称），脸部的下边为“而”（颌须，第二人称），身体的最下端为“之”（脚板，第三人称）；同样，威猛的武器为“我”（大戌，第一人称），而只用于短程集发的弓弩为“尔”（排箭，第二人称）。附一 文言版《説文解字》：之，出也。象艸過屮，枝莖益大，有所之。一者，地也。凡之之屬皆从之。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：之，长出。像植物过了发芽的阶段，枝茎日益茁壮，有所扩张。字形底部的指事符号“一”，代表地面。所有与之相关的字，都采用“之”作边旁。

固：古，既是声旁也是形旁，疑是篆文对金文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632537979.png中的字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632948515.png的误写。固，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632537979.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632416050.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632647276.png（盾甲）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632552790.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632955314.png（束，缠绕、捆束），表示对盾甲进行某种加强。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632872762.png将金文字形中加强型的盾https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632948515.png写成“古”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632470480.png；也就是说“古”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632470480.png中的“十”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632929912.png其实是“甲”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632777145.png，“古”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632470480.png中的“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632727542.png，其实是捆束https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632955314.png。造字本义：动词，给盾甲捆扎或加层，使之牢不可破。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104632214043.png承续篆文字形。附一 文言版《説文解字》：固，四塞也。从囗，古聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：固，四周阻塞不易进出。字形采用“囗”作边旁，“古”作声旁。

躬：弓，既是声旁也是形旁，表示弯曲。躬，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852253249.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852333816.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852899380.png（身）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852279343.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852512211.png（弓，弯曲），表示弯腰曲背。篆文异体字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852911971.png用“吕”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852367532.png（脊椎）代替“弓”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852512211.png，强调弯曲脊背。造字本义：动词，弯腰曲背。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852295222.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852899380.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852577702.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852512211.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105852745530.png。古籍中“躬”与“躳”并用。附一 文言版《説文解字》：躳，身也。从身，从呂。躬，躳或从弓。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：躳，身体。字形采用“身”作边旁，采用“呂”作声旁。躬，这是“躳”的异体字，采用“弓”作边旁。

小：“小”是“沙”的本字；“少”和“小”同源。小，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015907972809.png是象形字，字形像三（众多）颗细微的沙粒。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015907786902.png突出沙粒形状https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015907301692.png。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015907247354.png将中间的点https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015907301692.png写成长竖https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015907201426.png，将左边的点https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015907424666.png写成撇画https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015907902823.png，将右边的点https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015907591445.png写成捺画https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015907132882.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015907111798.png承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，细微的沙粒。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/25/20200225075037790474.gif略有变形。当“小”的“沙粒”本义消失后，金文再加“水”另造“沙”代替，表示水边的细沙。附一 文言版《説文解字》：小，物之微也。从八，丨見而分之。凡小之屬皆从小。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：小，物体细微的特征。字形采用“八”作边旁，“丨”现而加细分。所有与小相关的字，都采用“小”作边旁。

人：人，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104808505973.png是象形字，字形像是垂臂直立的动物形象。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104808986778.png基本承续甲骨文字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104808933238.png突出了弯腰垂臂、脸朝黄土背朝天的劳作形象，像是双手采摘或在地里忙活。造字本义：名词，躬身垂臂的劳作者，地球上唯一会创造文明符号、自觉进化的动物。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104808755581.png变形较大，弯腰垂臂的形象完全消失。“私”即“厶”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104808665109.png，是头部朝下、尚未出生的神秘胎儿；“了”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104808731842.png是刚出生的、性别确然可辨的幼婴；“子”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104808240220.png是挥动两臂、两腿包裹在襁褓中、尚不能独立活动的幼儿；“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104808495911.png是顶天立地的成年人；“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104808933238.png是双手采摘或在地里忙活的劳动者。附一 文言版《説文解字》：人，天地之性最貴者也。此籒文。象臂脛之形。凡人之屬皆从人。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：人，天地间品性最高贵的生物。这是籀文字形。字形像垂着手臂、挺着腿胫的形象。所有与人相关的字，都采用“人”作边旁。

轻：巠，既是声旁也是形旁，是“徑”的省略，表示便道、小道。輕，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607571687.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607583162.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607231298.png（車，战车）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607611651.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607604620.png（巠，即“徑”，便道、小道），表示可以在小道上运转自如的小型战车。造字本义：形容词，战车负重少、运转自如。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607168666.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607231298.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607525830.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607604620.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607897603.png。《汉字简化方案》中简体楷书“轻”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607644729.png依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“車”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607525830.png简化成“车”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607534709.png，将正体楷书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607897603.png简写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104607834172.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：輕，輕車也。从車，巠聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：轻，轻型战车。字形采用“车”作边旁，采用“巠”作声旁。

命：“令”与“命”同源，后分化。令，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100183084.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100512753.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100146455.png（朝下的“口”）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100978905.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100579074.png（人，等候指示的下级），表示上级指示下级。当“令”成为常规名词后，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100230268.png再加“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100941361.png另造“命”，代替“令”的本义动词功能，强调“开口发令”。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100410905.png承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，上级向下级开口发话，作出权威性指示。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100696873.png误将篆文字形中的“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100552542.png写成“单耳旁”的“卩”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023100739311.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：命，使也。从口，从令。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：命，使令。字形采用“口、令”会义。


翻译：字译：竹篾编织成的开口簸箕，是农家的轻便盛具，可用于春谷时颠簸扬糠；出于贪欲，过河越界，劫物掠货；弩弓上控制发射的扣板；蛇性贪婪，无所不吞。人类头顶上方的太空苍穹；与天相对的地；太阳下山，阳光隐入丛林草野；体形庞大但善于爬树的熊；睁着眼睛看；太阳下山，阳光隐入丛林草野；体形庞大但善于爬树的熊；谈论和传授行猎、作战的经验。发号施令，执政治国；包裹在襁褓中挥动两臂、尚不能独立的幼儿；捡到贝壳，喜获财富；足履平地，徒步前往；给盾甲捆扎或加层，使之牢不可破；弯腰曲背；细微的沙粒；躬身垂臂的劳作者，地球上唯一会创造文明符号、自觉进化的动物；捡到贝壳，喜获财富；足履平地，徒步前往；战车负重少、运转自如；上级向下级开口发话，作出权威性指示。意译：三盗的时机，不是天下人能所见所知的。君子得天道，施天时运万物所以可保身；小人得之，不能运化万物，所以轻命。 心得：景形维贤，克念作圣。

陈慧Michelle 发表于 2020-11-4 22:59:17

第四天 11月04日

原文：
观天之道，执天之行，尽矣！
故天有五贼，见之者昌；五贼在乎心，施行于天。宇宙在乎手，万化生乎身。
天性，人也；人心，机也。立天之道，以定人也。天发杀机，移星易宿；地发杀机，龙蛇起陆；人发杀机，天地反覆；天人合发，万化定基。
性有巧拙，可以伏藏；九窍之邪，在乎三要，可以动静。火生于木，祸发必克；奸生于国，时动必溃。
知之修炼，谓之圣人。

天生天杀，道之理也。天地，万物之盗；万物，人之盗；人，万物之盗。三盗既宜，三才既安。故曰：食其时，百骸理；动其机，万化安。人知其神之神，不知不神之所以神。日月有数，大小有定，圣功生焉，神明出焉。其盗机也，天下莫能见，莫能知。君子得之固躬，小人得之轻命。

体会：
上篇：观
观天道：故天有五贼，见之者昌；五贼在乎心，施行于天。宇宙在乎手，万化生乎身。
观人心：天性，人也；人心，机也。立天之道，以定人也。
观天地人：天发杀机，移星易宿；地发杀机，龙蛇起陆；人发杀机，天地反覆；天人合发，万化定基。
观人性：性有巧拙，可以伏藏；九窍之邪，在乎三要，可以动静。火生于木，祸发必克；奸生于国，时动必溃。
知之修炼，谓之圣人。

中篇：执
执天之道：天生天杀，道之理也。
执三盗：天地，万物之盗；万物，人之盗；人，万物之盗。三盗既宜，三才既安。
执时之机：故曰：食其时，百骸理；动其机，万化安。
执神与不神：人知其神之神，不知不神之所以神。
执盗之机：日月有数，大小有定，圣功生焉，神明出焉。其盗机也，天下莫能见，莫能知。君子得之固躬，小人得之轻命。

陈慧Michelle 发表于 2020-11-5 15:58:43

本帖最后由 陈慧Michelle 于 2020-11-5 19:07 编辑

第五天11月05日 原文：瞽者善听，聋者善视。绝利一源，用师十倍。 查字：瞽：鼓，既是声旁也是形旁，表示凸起。瞽，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022728210699.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022728423386.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022728843628.png（鼓，凸起）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022728837090.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022728959833.png（目），表示眼球凸出。造字本义：形容词，眼患疾病而眼球突出，无法观看。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022728337961.png承续金文字形。隶化后，楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022728917997.png将篆文的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022728843628.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022728226443.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：瞽，目但有眹也。从目，鼓聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：瞽，眼睛只有眼缝而无法观看。字形采用“目”作边旁，采用“鼓”作声旁。

者：“者”是“煮”和“诸”的本字。者，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809910665.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809152528.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809938972.png（像木柴着火，火星喷溅）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809886695.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809523577.png（火，火堆），表示古代部落燃烧篝火，用以煮食，聚众社交。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809604645.png将甲骨文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809938972.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810920532.png；将底部的“火”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809523577.png写成“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810440127.png（言说），表示部落成员围绕火堆漫谈交流。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810480933.png将“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810440127.png写成“曰”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810572642.png，明确“者”的“言说”含义。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810683429.png将金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810480933.png字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810824559.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810289492.png，将“曰”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810572642.png写成“白”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810918973.png（说清楚），进一步强调“者”的“言说”主题。造字本义：动词，古代部落生火煮食，聚众漫谈。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810861380.png将篆文字形中“木”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810254973.png形和“火星”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810990914.png模糊难辨的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810289492.png写成不知所云的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810175310.png，至此“者”的字形中“木”与“火星”形状完全消失。楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810456744.png则将隶书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810175310.png写成“土”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810729537.png加“撇”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810189350.png的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810267304.png。当“者”的“生火煮食”本义消失后，再加“火”另造“煮”代替；当“者”的“聚众而谈”含义消失后，再加“言”另造“诸”代替。附一 文言版《説文解字》：者，別事詞也。从白，data:image/png;base64,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聲。data:image/png;base64,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，古文旅字。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：者，表示事物判断的代词。字形采用“白”作边旁，data:image/png;base64,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是声旁。data:image/png;base64,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，是古文的“旅”字。

善：羊，既是声旁也是形旁，通“祥”。善，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611892308.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611261383.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611706943.png（羊，即“祥”）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611573137.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611688578.png（双目，眼睛），表示眼神安祥温和，所谓“慈眉善目”。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611771717.png双眼https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611688578.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611111458.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611742560.png将一双眼睛写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611641410.png和https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611789816.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611879022.png将一双眼睛https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611641410.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611789816.png省略成一只眼睛https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611696554.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611156573.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611261383.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611922193.png（羊，即“祥”）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611573137.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611730736.png（两个“言”），表示言语祥和亲切。造字本义：形容词，神态安祥，言语亲和。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611774110.png承续金文字形。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611832494.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611807404.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611940856.png，将篆文字形中的两个“言”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611728701.png写成“卄”加“口”的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021611576006.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：善，吉也。从誩，从羊。此與義美同意。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：善，吉祥。字形采用“誩、羊”会义。“善”这个字，与“義”（义）、“美”同义。

听：斤，既是声旁也是形旁，是“欣”的省略，表示开心。听（ yǐn），篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023136674901.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023136923807.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023136299835.png（口，嘴巴）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023136679961.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023136789578.png（斤，即“欣”，开心），表示张嘴大笑。造字本义：动词，因开心而张嘴大笑。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023136155560.png将篆文字形中的“斤”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023136789578.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023136676248.png。《汉字简化方案》用字形简单的同音字形“听”（ yǐn）合并代替字形复杂的“聽”（tīng）。当“听”合并“聽”之后，“听”不再读它原有读音 yǐn ，而转读被合并字“聽”的读音 tīng ，这是合并简化过程常见的“变读”现象。https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023136953547.png附一 文言版《説文解字》：听，笑皃。从口，斤聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：听，张口大笑的样子。字形采用“口”作边旁，采用“斤”作声旁。

聋：龍，既是声旁也是形旁，听觉迟钝的大蛇。聾，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632358150.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632858119.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632565384.png（耳，耳朵）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632233817.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632469053.png（龍，巨蟒），表示巨蟒之耳。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632861407.png将甲骨文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632469053.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632500001.png，并调整左右顺序。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632329829.png改成上下结构，将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632500001.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632514170.png，将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632184841.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632495171.png。造字本义：形容词，蛇的听觉迟钝，对声音缺少反应。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632486790.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632514170.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632110088.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632495171.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632202891.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“聋”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632375211.png，依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“龍”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632110088.png简写成“龙”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022632461543.png。古人称听觉敏锐为“聪”；称耳背迟听为“聩”；称完全失去听力为“聋”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：聾，無聞也。从耳，龍聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：聋，没有听力。字形采用“耳”作边旁，采用“龙”作声旁。

视：示，既是声旁也是形旁，表示祭告。視，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803218621.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803415524.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803904928.png（示，祭告）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803703625.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803668231.png（目，看），表示祭告而且察看。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803502603.png调整成左右结构，并将“目”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803668231.png写成“見”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803653562.png，将https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803904928.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803473887.png。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803548372.png写成目https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803399117.png、示https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803328529.png会义，表示察看征兆。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803442928.png承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，向神祭告时仔细察看显示的征兆。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803374557.png将篆文字形中的“示”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803298988.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803167412.png，将篆文字形中的“見”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803943754.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803503615.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“视”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803393917.png，依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“見”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803503615.png简化成“见”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105803365363.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：視，瞻也。从見，示聲。𥄚，古文視。眡，亦古文視。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：視，远眺。字形采用“见”作边旁，采用“示”作声旁。𥄚，这是古文写法的“视”。“眡”，这也是古文写法的“视”。

绝：絕，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140561214.png是指事字，在两缕丝线https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140703935.png的中间各加一短横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140277715.png，表示将丝线割成两段。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140702232.png则在两组丝线https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140765333.png之间加一把刀https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140734062.png，明确表示用刀割断丝缕。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140556771.png承续金文字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140921367.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140123918.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140558955.png（丝，丝线）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140679431.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140809937.png（刀，割）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140679431.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140791684.png（卩，人），表示用刀割断丝缕。造字本义：动词，将丝线切断。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140270542.png将篆文字形中的“糸”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140558955.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140972413.png；误将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140961233.png（刀 人）写成“色”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140430239.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“绝”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140100738.png，依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“糹”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140972413.png简化成“纟”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105140971927.png。“断”是将物体截成两段；“绝”是将丝线切成两段；“继”是将断丝相连接；“续”是传承祖业家宝。附一 文言版《説文解字》：絕，斷絲也。从糸，从刀，从卩。data:image/png;base64,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，古文絶。象不连體，絶二絲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：绝，切断丝线。字形采用“糸、刀、卩”会义。data:image/png;base64,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，这是古文写法的“绝”，字形像丝线不连贯的形体，像切断了两束丝线。

利：利，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407216231.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407473382.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407632290.png（禾，庄稼）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407250777.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407467104.png（刀，带锋刃的切割工具），表示用刀收割庄稼，镰刀https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407467104.png与庄稼https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407632290.png之间的两点https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407161592.png指事符号，表示振落的庄稼籽实。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407223765.png省去两点。简体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407670361.png承续简体甲骨文字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407784650.png承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，用快刀收割庄稼。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407146981.png将篆文字形中的“禾”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/8/12/20200812094328944000.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407530954.png，将篆文字形中的“刀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/8/12/20200812094407170344.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101023407719459.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：利，銛也。从刀。和然後利，从和省。《易》曰：“利者，義之和也。”
附二 白话版《说文解字》：利，铦，金属农具。字形采用“刀”作边旁。谐和而后各有所利，所以采用省略了“口”的“和”。《易经》上说：“利益，是道义相和的结果。”

一：一，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111132938447.png是特殊指事字，抽象符号“一”既代表最为简单的起源，也代表最为丰富的浑沌整体。造字本义：数词，最小原始单位，最小的正整数。古人认为“道立于一，一生二，二生三，三生万物”。就是说，混沌太初的存在整体是“一”；然后由太初混沌的“一”，分出天地“二”极；天地二极之间，又生出人这第“三”部分；天地人三者，衍化出宇宙万物。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111132984654.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111132818567.png承续甲骨文字形。一，代替混沌太初的整体；二，上面的一横代表“天”，下面的一横代表“地”；三，上下两横代表“天地”，中间的一横代表“人”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：一，惟初太始，道立于一，造分天地，化成萬物。凡一之属皆从一。弌，古文一。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：一，开天辟地之初、万物形成之始，道立于一体化的浑沌，然后造化分出天地，化成万物。所有与一相关的字，都采用“一”作边旁。弌，这是古文写法的“一”。

源：“泉”是“原”的本字；而“原”是“源”的本字。泉，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020438745462.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020438377423.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439272730.png（穴，石洞）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439613337.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439226269.png（水，涓涓细流），表示石洞里细流涓涓。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439679753.png加“下”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439133263.png，表示水从山上的石洞向山下流。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439219636.png省去“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439175949.png，将表示向下的水流https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439139651.png省略成“下”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439133263.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439338959.png将甲骨文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439139651.png简写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439159046.png。当“泉”字的“出水的石洞”的本义消失后，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439968037.png再加“厂”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439241187.png（岩石、石洞）另造“原”代替，强调山上的石洞水源。当“原”的“水流源头”本义消失后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439586481.png再加“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439385906.png再造“源”代替。造字本义：名词，从岩隙涌出的山泉，为山涧溪流河川之始。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439623825.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439385906.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439824209.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439538746.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020439160404.png。古籍中“原”和“源”通用，“原”可以表示时间、空间上的起始，而“源”特指水流的起始。附一 文言版《説文解字》：源，水，泉本也。从水，原聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：源，水源，以泉水为本原。字形采用“水”作边旁，采用“原”作声旁。

用：“用”是“桶”的本字。用，甲骨文、金文字形极其多样丰富，绝大多数字形像某种器具。甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140696305.png是指事字，字形在“止”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png（脚趾）的字形上加一竖指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140473431.png，表示供人洗脚的水桶。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140244400.png将“止”形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140241411.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140903412.png将“止”形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140302406.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140290273.png将“止”形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140296596.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140974655.png写成有提手的桶形。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140947398.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140900225.png承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：名词，供人盛水洗脚的木桶。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140979976.png对篆文字形进行较大变形，写成“冂”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140182493.png加“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140320136.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140204910.png的三包围结构。当“用”的“木桶”本义消失后，篆文再加“木”另造“桶”代替。附一 文言版《説文解字》：用，可施行也。从卜，从中。衞宏說。凡用之屬皆从用。data:image/png;base64,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，古文用。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：用，可以施行。字形采用“卜、中”会义。注：此论是旁引卫宏先生对“用”的本义说法。所有与用相关的字，都采用“用”作边旁。data:image/png;base64,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，这是古文写法的“用”字。

师：“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919301296.png”是“師”的本字。https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919301296.png，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919450465.png是象形字，字形像古代兵符，像是圆块https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919654688.png中的一部分https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919664532.png。古代朝廷将刻有虎、狮等图案的圆形玉块https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919654688.png，切割成裂纹不规则的两块或几块https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919450465.png，部分留在朝庭，部分放在地方或军队，朝廷和军队均以所持兵符能否吻合来检验兵权和调动权的真伪。这种有图案的残块是最早的“兵符”。有的甲骨文加“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919221090.png”写成会义字：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919708176.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919138889.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919428737.png（https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919709067.png，残块兵符）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919832499.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919270837.png（https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919221090.png，兽尾制成的帽饰或表示权力的道具），表示代表军队最高指挥权的兵符、和表明军中最高指挥者身份的虎豹彪尾帽饰，https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920921176.png是“尾”的简写（参见“帀”）。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920986773.png误将表示兽尾的“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919221090.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919270837.png写成“帀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920256002.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920820155.png承续甲骨文字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920296855.png误将金文字形中的“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919709067.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920113266.png写成“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920194108.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920546232.png，将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920167355.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920476634.png。造字本义：名词，古代检验军权的兵符。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920444836.png将篆文字形中的“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920194108.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920546232.png写成“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919709067.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920496343.png ，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920476634.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920142437.png。俗体楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920645948.png承续篆文字形，将正体楷书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920266014.png中的“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919709067.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920247790.png写成“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920194108.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920697274.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920571696.png，依据草书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920818457.png，将正体楷书字形中的“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919709067.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920247790.png简化成两竖https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/9/12/20200912065056443411.gif。附一 文言版《説文解字》：師，二千五百人爲師。从帀，从data:image/png;base64,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。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：师，军队编制单位，二千五百人组成一个师。字形采用“帀、data:image/png;base64,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”会义。

十：十，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111114552148.png是象形字，字形像一根用于纪事的垂悬的绳子（参见“冬”与“系”）。古人用结绳纪事、计数，一根绳子代表一个纪事主题，代表全数。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111114562118.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111114423915.png在绳上加圆点指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111114230355.png，表示结绳纪事。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111114311269.png将表示结绳的圆点指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111114230355.png写成短横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111114127321.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111114532821.png承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，一根用来打结纪事的绳子，代表满数、全数。“十”是打满了结的纪事绳子（参见“系”、“纪”）；“百”是不断地说（白）；“千”是不断地走（迁）；“厲”（万）是遍布山岩的蝎子；“億”（亿）是无限地憧憬。附一 文言版《説文解字》：十，數之具也。一爲東西，丨爲南北，則四方中央備矣。凡十之屬皆从十。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：十，表示十进位所需数都已具备。“一”代表世界的东西，“丨”代表世界的南北，“一”和“|”相交成“十”，则表示东西南北中齐备。所有与十相关的字，都采用“十”作边旁。

倍：咅，既是声旁也是形旁，是“呸”的本字，表示唾弃、不接受。倍，诅楚文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806624241.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806667716.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806503333.png（人）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806553570.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806905919.png（咅，“呸”，唾弃），表示唾弃、背叛。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806149736.png承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，唾弃、背叛。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806482447.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806308907.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806240021.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806858081.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806864978.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：倍，反也。从人，咅聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：倍，违反。字形采用“人”作边旁，采用“咅”作声旁。

翻译：字译：眼患疾病而眼球突出，无法观看；古代部落生火煮食，聚众漫谈；神态安祥，言语亲和；因开心而张嘴大笑；蛇的听觉迟钝，对声音缺少反应；神态安祥，言语亲和；向神祭告时仔细察看显示的征兆；将丝线切断；用快刀收割庄稼；数词，最小原始单位，最小的正整数；从岩隙涌出的山泉，为山涧溪流河川之始；供人盛水洗脚的木桶；古代检验军权的兵符；一根用来打结纪事的绳子，代表满数、全数；唾弃、背叛。意译：眼睛看不见，因此听觉更灵敏；耳朵听不见，因此眼睛雪亮。切断牵引心神之一窍则有利于守神，功力会爆满。 心得：九窍：双眼、双耳、嘴巴、两个鼻孔、阴门、魄门。十二舍：指五脏六腑，加上心包。九窍十二舍，气之门户，心之总摄也。九窃之邪，在乎三要，可以动静，三要：耳、目、口，三要放荡无羁，可以使心神躁动不安；三者恬淡自然，心神自然清静。

陈慧Michelle 发表于 2020-11-6 20:58:08

本帖最后由 陈慧Michelle 于 2020-11-6 21:49 编辑

第六天11月06日 原文：三反昼夜，用师万倍。 查字：三：“三”是特殊指事字。古人认为“道立于一，一生二，二生三，三生万物”。就是说，混沌太初的存在整体是“一”；然后由太初混沌的“一”，分出天地“二”极；天地二极“二”之间，又生出人这第“三”部分；天地人三者，衍化出宇宙万物。三，上面的一横代表“天”，下面的一横代表“地”，中间的一横代表“人”。造字本义：名词，衍生万物的天、地、人。一，代替混沌太初的整体；二，上面的一横代表“天”，下面的一横代表“地”；三，上下两横代表“天地”，中间的一横代表“人”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：三，天地人之道也。从三數。凡三之屬皆从三。弎，古文三从弋。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：三，代表天、地、人之道。由三画构成。所有与三相关的字，都采用“三”作边旁。“弎”，这是古文写法的“三”，采用“弋”作边旁。

返：反，既是声旁也是形旁，表示背逆。返，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849198333.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849492664.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849443631.png（彳，出行）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849537548.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849809299.png（反，逆向）。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849254636.png加“止”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849585158.png（脚），强调行走含义。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849808633.png调整结构。造字本义：动词，与出行相反，即回家，回归。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849798967.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849561037.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849352273.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849455449.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105849978684.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：返，還也。从辵，从反，反亦聲。《商書》曰：“祖甲返。”data:image/png;base64,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，《春秋傳》返从彳。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：返，回还。字形采用“辵、反”会义，“反”也是声旁。《商书》上说：“祖甲返。”data:image/png;base64,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，这是《春秋传》中的“返”字，字形采用“彳”作边旁。

昼：“書”与“晝”同源，后分化。竹，既是声旁也是形旁，表示竹管，借代毛笔。晝，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204701937.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204817984.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204709499.png（又，抓持、执握）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204854143.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204875614.png（半个“竹”，借代毛笔）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204854143.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204614019.png（囗，圆圈，太阳），表示手握毛笔画太阳，记录日起日落的一天。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204142949.png把“囗”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204614019.png写成“日”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204713699.png，明确“画日”含义。历学发明之前，古人在每天天亮时画圈记录，以累计所经历的时日。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204504184.png将甲骨文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204529733.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204701926.png。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204721055.png用“╳”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204335382.png代替“日”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204811999.png，表示记录不见太阳的阴暗日子。繁体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/5/15/20200515111539602440.gif综合记录日出的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204504184.png、记录阴天的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204721055.png两款金文字形：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/5/15/20200515111539602440.gifhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204817984.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204895215.png（聿，手握毛笔）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204854143.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204775928.png（“两点水”，墨汁）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204854143.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204288962.png（╳，不见太阳）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204854143.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204948677.png（囗，圆圈，太阳），表示记录所经历的每一天，无论阴晴。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204535806.png将“聿”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204895215.png简写成“丑”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204294118.png（扭），将“两点水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204775928.png写成“四点水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204885382.png，将“╳”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204288962.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204430581.png。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/5/15/20200515111742299367.gif省去金文字形中的“两点水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204775928.png，并误将金文字形中的“╳”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204288962.png简写成“八”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204617990.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/5/15/20200515112222177014.gif将籀文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/5/15/20200515112640450025.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/5/15/20200515112456152682.gif。造字本义：动词，手握毛笔写画，天晴画圈，阴天画╳，以累计所经历的时日。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204317999.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/5/15/20200515115006775173.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204175496.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/5/15/20200515112456152682.gif写成“旦”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204373245.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“昼”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204233594.png，依据草书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204498380.png局部简化，将正体楷书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204175496.png简写成“尺”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015204507576.png。古人称太阳运行期间为“昼”；称月亮运行期间为“夜”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：晝，日之出入，與夜爲界。从畫省，从日。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：昼，在太阳上山与太阳下山之间，与夜交界。字形由有所省略的“畫”和“日”构成。

夜：“亦”是“夜”的本字；而“夜”是“腋”的本字。亦，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747892746.png是指事字，字形在一个人https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747780246.png的两臂下方各加一点指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747112476.png，表示人的两腋。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747868823.png承续甲骨文字形。当“亦”的“两腋”本义消失后，繁体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747772355.png再加“肉”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747893441.png（借代身体器官）另造“夜”代替，强调身体的部位。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747896906.png将“肉”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747893441.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747382271.png。古人多将金文字形“夜”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747896906.png中表示“肉”的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747382271.png（身体器官）误解为星月之“月”（日落后发光的天体），将本义原为“两腋”的“夜”，误解为“月高天黑”；于是后人再加“肉”另造“腋”代替“夜”，表示身体器官；而“夜”则将错就错地承担了与“两腋”毫不相关的时间概念角色。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747175561.png承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，人体的两腋部位。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747149898.png将篆文字形中的“亦”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747836787.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747463995.png，将篆文字形中的“夕”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747702781.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105747680623.png。古人称太阳运行期间为“昼”；月亮运行期间为“夜”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：夜，舍也。天下休舍也。从夕，亦省聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：夜，放下劳作。天下万众都放下劳作，安歇休养。字形采用“夕”作边旁，采用有所省略的“亦”作声旁。

用：“用”是“桶”的本字。用，甲骨文、金文字形极其多样丰富，绝大多数字形像某种器具。甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140696305.png是指事字，字形在“止”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png（脚趾）的字形上加一竖指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140473431.png，表示供人洗脚的水桶。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140244400.png将“止”形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140241411.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140903412.png将“止”形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140302406.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140290273.png将“止”形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140296596.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140974655.png写成有提手的桶形。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140947398.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140900225.png承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：名词，供人盛水洗脚的木桶。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140979976.png对篆文字形进行较大变形，写成“冂”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140182493.png加“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140320136.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140204910.png的三包围结构。当“用”的“木桶”本义消失后，篆文再加“木”另造“桶”代替。附一 文言版《説文解字》：用，可施行也。从卜，从中。衞宏說。凡用之屬皆从用。data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAkAAAAOAQMAAADHWqTrAAAEDWdJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDpCMEU1QTM2QUEzMTcxMUU4QkUzRUQ4QUE5NUZBMDU5QiIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDpCMEU1QTM2QkEzMTcxMUU4QkUzRUQ4QUE5NUZBMDlCIj4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6QjBFQTM2OEEzMTcxMUU4QkUzRUQ4QUE5NUZBMDU5QiIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRkOkIwRTVBMzY5QTMxNzExRThCRTNFRDhBQTk1RkEwNTlCIi8+IDwvcmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uPiA8L3JkZjpSREY+IDwveDp4bXBtZXRhPiA8P3hwYWNrZXQgZW5kPSJyIj8+Af/+/fz6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OPi4eDf3t3c29rZ2NfW1dTT0tHQz87NzMvKycjHxsXEw8LBwL++vby7urm4t7a1tLOysbCvrq2sq6qpqKempaSjoqGgn56dnJuamZiXlpWUk5KRkI+OjYyLiomIh4aFhIOCgYB/fn18e3p5eHd2dXRzcnFwb25tbGtqaWhnZmVkY2JhYF9eXVxbWllYV1ZVVFNSUVBPTk1MS0pJSEdGRURDQkFAPz49PDs6OTg3NjU0MzIxMC8uLSwrKikoJyYlJCMiISAfHh0cGxoZGBcWFRQTEhEQDw4NDAsKCQgHBgUEAwIBAB/+NrcAAAADc0JJVAEBAXwud4IAAAAGUExURQAAAP///6XZn90AAAAMY21QUEpDbXAwNzEyAAAAB09tt6UAAAACdFJOU/8A5bcwSgAAAAFiS0dEAf8CLd4AAAAbSURBVBjTY/jewFDOwFDAACKBiAGDwQ4m6xkAnDMGJl0s97YAAAAASUVORK5CYII=，古文用。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：用，可以施行。字形采用“卜、中”会义。注：此论是旁引卫宏先生对“用”的本义说法。所有与用相关的字，都采用“用”作边旁。data:image/png;base64,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，这是古文写法的“用”字。

师：“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919301296.png”是“師”的本字。https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919301296.png，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919450465.png是象形字，字形像古代兵符，像是圆块https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919654688.png中的一部分https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919664532.png。古代朝廷将刻有虎、狮等图案的圆形玉块https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919654688.png，切割成裂纹不规则的两块或几块https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919450465.png，部分留在朝庭，部分放在地方或军队，朝廷和军队均以所持兵符能否吻合来检验兵权和调动权的真伪。这种有图案的残块是最早的“兵符”。有的甲骨文加“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919221090.png”写成会义字：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919708176.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919138889.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919428737.png（https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919709067.png，残块兵符）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919832499.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919270837.png（https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919221090.png，兽尾制成的帽饰或表示权力的道具），表示代表军队最高指挥权的兵符、和表明军中最高指挥者身份的虎豹彪尾帽饰，https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920921176.png是“尾”的简写（参见“帀”）。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920986773.png误将表示兽尾的“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919221090.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919270837.png写成“帀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920256002.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920820155.png承续甲骨文字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920296855.png误将金文字形中的“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919709067.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920113266.png写成“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920194108.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920546232.png，将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920167355.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920476634.png。造字本义：名词，古代检验军权的兵符。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920444836.png将篆文字形中的“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920194108.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920546232.png写成“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919709067.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920496343.png ，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920476634.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920142437.png。俗体楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920645948.png承续篆文字形，将正体楷书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920266014.png中的“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919709067.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920247790.png写成“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920194108.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920697274.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920571696.png，依据草书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920818457.png，将正体楷书字形中的“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104919709067.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104920247790.png简化成两竖https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/9/12/20200912065056443411.gif。附一 文言版《説文解字》：師，二千五百人爲師。从帀，从data:image/png;base64,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。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：师，军队编制单位，二千五百人组成一个师。字形采用“帀、data:image/png;base64,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”会义。

万：“万”是民间代替笔画繁复字形“萬”的俗体字。“万”是特殊指事字，是特殊指事字“千”的孪生字。千，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123759728.png在“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123890437.png的小腿部位加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123245356.png，表示不停地行走位移，当“千”引申出数词“一百的十倍数”后，字形由“迁”字代替。万，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123406969.png在“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123333706.png的头顶位置加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123509413.png，表示超越“千”（迁）的极限，即在造字时代的中原祖先眼里，向东有海涯，向西却有无尽的路途，西域之西，还有遥远的西域。据古籍记载，“万”姓为周代天子对进贡匈奴的赐姓。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123374526.png承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：名词，永远走不到头的旷远西域。楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111123394921.png承续金文字形。大约秦汉时期民间用“万”引申出数词含义，代替“萬”表示一千的十倍数。“十”是打满了结的纪事绳子；“百”是不断地说（白）；“千”是不断地走（迁）；“万”是走不到头的旷远西域；“億”是无限地憧憬（亿）。《汉字简化方案》用“万”合并代替笔画繁复的“萬”。倍：咅，既是声旁也是形旁，是“呸”的本字，表示唾弃、不接受。倍，诅楚文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806624241.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806667716.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806503333.png（人）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806553570.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806905919.png（咅，“呸”，唾弃），表示唾弃、背叛。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806149736.png承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，唾弃、背叛。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806482447.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806308907.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806240021.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806858081.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806864978.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：倍，反也。从人，咅聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：倍，违反。字形采用“人”作边旁，采用“咅”作声旁。

翻译：字译：衍生万物的天、地、人；与出行相反，即回家，回归；手握毛笔写画，天晴画圈，阴天画X，以累计所经历的时日；人体的两腋部位。供人盛水洗脚的木桶；古代检验军权的兵符；永远走不到头的旷远西域；唾弃、背叛。意译：眼耳口终日塞闭，引申为天子至虚至静之守，方能须臾不离于大道。得以统天化物，君王不失于道乃统天，故能用道之极，用道之全。 体会：无为而求，安静五脏，和通六腑；精神魂魄固守不动，乃能内视，反听、定志。

陈慧Michelle 发表于 2020-11-7 21:50:21

本帖最后由 陈慧Michelle 于 2020-11-7 22:25 编辑

第七天11月07日 原文：心生于物，死于物，机在目。 查字：心：心，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157931172.png是象形字，字形像包形的内脏器官。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157639787.png在包形器官https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157999348.png基础上增加动脉和静脉的入口管道形象https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157149033.png，并在包形器官的内部增加一点表示血液的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157642988.png，整个字形像人体内包形的泵血器官。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157271167.png简化血管形状。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157891460.png省去表示血液的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157642988.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157341684.png基本承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，人体的泵血器官，从静脉接受血液并将其压入动脉从而维持血液在整个循环系统中的流动。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157316548.png变形较大，至此，泵血器官的包形消失、血管形状消失。古人发现，心不仅是泵血器官，还是感知器官，具有直觉思维的能力。附一 文言版《説文解字》：心，人心，土藏，在身之中。象形。博士說以爲火藏。凡心之屬皆从心。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：心，人的心脏，是属于土性的臟器，藏在身躯的中央位置。字形像泵血器官的形状。也有博学之士说，心是属火的臟器。所有与心相关的字，都采用“心”作边旁。

生：生，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144642831.png是指事字，在草叶https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144179224.png（屮）下面加一横表示地面的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144118039.png，表示新芽破土而出。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144392609.png用“土”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144502195.png代替表示地面的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144118039.png，成为会义字：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144392609.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144359224.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144179224.png（屮，新芽）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144703841.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144502195.png（土，地面），表示地面上有新芽冒出。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144847946.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144557374.png承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：动词，草木破土萌发。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144825617.png将篆文上部的“屮”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144640890.png简化成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144511849.png，失去植物嫩叶萌发https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144640890.png的形象。古籍常假借“生”代替“性”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：生，進也。象艸木生出土上。凡生之屬皆从生。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：生，发育进展。象草从泥土上长出。所有与生相关的字，都采用“生”作边旁。

于：“于”是“竽”的本字。于，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930361270.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930213683.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930734265.png（（于，即“竽”，竹管吹奏乐器）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930696739.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930371156.png（凹凸曲折），表示竽管乐音起伏迂回。在有柄的吹奏乐器“丂”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930105886.png（参见“号”、“可”）的手柄部位加一横，表示手握乐器；凹凸曲折的符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930895137.png，表示乐音婉转起伏。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930257458.png省去凹凸起伏的符号。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930473704.png、https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930764121.png承续甲骨文字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930192415.png有所变形。造字本义：名词，婉转起伏的竽管乐音。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930791472.png恢复简体金文字形。当“于”的“竹笛”本义消失后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930321912.png再加“竹”另造“竽”代替。由于“于”（男女新婚仪式上必备的音乐演奏）与“於”（成双成对的鸟儿比翼齐飞）读音相同，而且含义存在内在关联，古人于是有时假借“于”代替“於”。《汉字简化方案》用“于”合并代替“於”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：于，於也，象气之舒亏。从丂，从一。一者，其气平之也。凡亏之屬皆從亏。今變隸作于。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：于，即“於”，像气息的舒张与亏缺。字形采用“丂、一”会义。“一”代替气息平缓。所有与亏相关的字，都采用“亏”作边旁。现今“於”简化写作“于”。

物：勿，既是声旁也是形旁，是“刎”的本字，表示用刀宰杀，刀刃溅血。物，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401031941365999.gifhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022402525970.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401032012774777.gif（牛，头部长角、体型粗壮的力畜）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022402154791.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401032022828483.gif（勿，血溅刀刃），表示用刀杀牛。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401032218611608.gif将甲骨文字形中的“刀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401032249843980.gif和三点血滴https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401032257596886.gif连写成“勿”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401032318413169.gif。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401032434599451.gif承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，杀牛。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401032518910323.gif将篆文字形中的“牛”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401020355694074.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401032527314408.gif，将篆文字形中的“勿”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401032557357030.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/1/20200401032548916239.gif。在中国古代传说中，地上的一切都是神牛下凡造成的，所以用“牛”指代“物”，用“牛”指代一切。杀牛为“物”，解牛为“半”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：物，萬物也。牛爲大物；天地之数，起於牽牛，故从牛，勿聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：物，万物。牛为大物；天地万物之数，起于牵牛，因此字形采用“牛”作边旁，“勿”作声旁。

死：死，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447242685.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447940866.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447256778.png（跪着的人）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447109008.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447473346.png（口，哭）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447109008.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447396613.png（歺，即“歹”，尸骨），表示跪着对不舍的尸骸哭泣。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447128356.png省去“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447473346.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447307718.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447585082.png承续简体甲骨文字形。造字本义：动词，生命结束，他人对遗体痛哭哀悼。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447666060.png将篆文字形中的“歺”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447722358.png写成“歹”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447722354.png，将篆文字形中的“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447318695.png写成“匕”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447588273.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：死，澌也，人所離也。从歺，从人。凡死之屬皆从死。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：死，生气耗尽，表示人的灵魂与躯体相分离。字形采用“歺、人”会义。所有与死相关的字，都采用“死”作边旁。

機：“幾”是“機”的本字。幾，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603120159.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603791556.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603350778.png（丝，绳线、弓弦）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603478978.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603837154.png（矢，箭只）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603478978.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603548887.png（戈，武器），表示控制搭箭的弓弦的扣板。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603352235.png误将金文字形中的“矢”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603837154.png（箭）写成“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603568129.png。当“幾”的“扣板”本义消失后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603797372.png再加“木”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603312006.png另造“機”代替，强调扣板的木质特征。造字本义：名词，弩弓上控制发射的扣板。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603262693.png将篆文字形中https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021603312006.png的写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021604576767.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021604592747.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021604106685.png。《汉字简化方案》用“机”合并简化“機”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：機，主發謂之機。从木，幾聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：機，控制发射的扣板叫“機”。字形采用“木”作边旁，采用“幾”作声旁。

在：才，既是声旁也是形旁，表示房柱房梁。在，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808260429.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808306758.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808659398.png（才，房柱房梁，借代居所）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808164280.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808880314.png（土，田地），表示赖以生存的居所和田地。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808420832.png将金文字形中的“才”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808659398.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808573772.png，将金文字形中的“土”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808880314.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/24/20200124093020738722.gif。造字本义：动词，有屋有地，定居生活。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808858648.png将篆文字形中的“才”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808573772.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808800007.png，变形较大。“存”的本义是传宗接代，强调时间上能延续；“在”的本义是定居生活，强调空间上有支点。附一 文言版《説文解字》：在，存也。从土，才聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：在，存于某处。字形采用“土”作边旁，采用“才”作声旁。

目：目，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022610552676.png、https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022610427948.png金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022610956052.png像人的眼睛。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022610383209.png将金文字形横写的“美目”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022610956052.png写成“竖目”。造字本义：名词，人的眼睛。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022610530425.png承续篆文字形。将“目”的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022610427948.png竖写则为“臣”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022610429138.png，表示俯首下视，屈服听命。附一 文言版《説文解字》：目，人眼。象形。重童子也。凡目之屬皆从目。data:image/png;base64,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，古文目。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：目，人的眼睛。字形像眼睛的形状。突出了瞳子形象。所有与目相关的字，都采用“目”作边旁。data:image/png;base64,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，这是古文的“目”字。

翻译： 字译：人心如草木破土萌发婉转起伏的竽管乐音；生命结束于婉转起伏的竽管乐音中；弩弓上控制发射的扣板如同人的眼睛。
心得：关闭眼睛利于精神内守。

陈慧Michelle 发表于 2020-11-8 22:35:31

本帖最后由 陈慧Michelle 于 2020-11-8 23:15 编辑

第一天11月08日 原文：天之无恩而大恩生，迅雷烈风，莫不蠢然。 查字：天：天，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156445015.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156712199.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156425128.png（口，即“日”的简写，太阳）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156350211.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015625418374.gif（大，成年人），表示人的头顶上方、日月星辰所在的太空。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156652098.png将“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015625418374.gif写成“夫”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015828783336.gif。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156925633.png用“上”代替“日”：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156925633.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156712199.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156113321.png（上，与地相对的空间）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156350211.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156674523.png（大，成年人），表示在人的头顶之上的太空。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156971157.png将“上”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604051734652453.gif和“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604051944132440.gif混写。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156494771.png承续甲骨文字形。简体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156453137.png将甲骨文字形中的“上”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156113321.png简写成“一”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156381521.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156188550.png承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，人类头顶上方的太空苍穹。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156435023.png将篆文字形中的“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156671788.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156995330.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：天，顚也。至高無上，从一、大。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：天，头顶。至高无上，字形由“一、大”构成。

之：之，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152205362.png是指事字，在“止”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152488630.png（脚）下面加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152102750.png，表示脚踏大地。造字本义：动词，足履平地，徒步前往。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152151440.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152958261.png承续甲骨文字形。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152173792.png严重变形。楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152911924.png承续隶书字形，“止”形消失。古汉字中的人称来源，体现了古人的自我中心意识：脸部的正中央为“自”（鼻子，第一人称），脸部的下边为“而”（颌须，第二人称），身体的最下端为“之”（脚板，第三人称）；同样，威猛的武器为“我”（大戌，第一人称），而只用于短程集发的弓弩为“尔”（排箭，第二人称）。附一 文言版《説文解字》：之，出也。象艸過屮，枝莖益大，有所之。一者，地也。凡之之屬皆从之。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：之，长出。像植物过了发芽的阶段，枝茎日益茁壮，有所扩张。字形底部的指事符号“一”，代表地面。所有与之相关的字，都采用“之”作边旁。

无：无，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104735836604.png是指事字，字形在表示“秃头”的“兀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104735317880.png字上加一横https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104735927534.png指事符号，表示全秃，强调“兀”的程度。造字本义：形容词，头顶全秃，没有头发。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104735914971.png将篆文字形中的“兀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104735317880.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104735676357.png。“兀”是秃顶；“无”是全秃，完全光头。附一 文言版《説文解字》：無，亡也。从亡，無聲。无，奇字无，通于元者。王育说，天屈西北为无。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：無，没有。字形采用“亡”作边旁，采用“無”作声旁。“无”，这是一个奇字，是“元”的撇画向上贯通而产生的奇字。王育说，天穹向西北弓屈叫作“无”。

恩：因，既是声旁也是形旁，表示依靠。恩，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205239197.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205412259.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205153450.png（因，依靠）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205208439.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205702357.png（心，感激），表示感激依靠。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205224731.png将金文字形中的“心”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205702357.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205633065.png。造字本义：名词，内心所感激的借以渡过难关的外来帮助。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219102427340816.gif将篆文字形中的“因”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219111619178882.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219111337973902.gif，将篆文字形中的“心”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205633065.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219111346529433.gif。附一 文言版《説文解字》：恩，惠也。从心，因聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：恩，好处。字形采用“心”作边旁，采用“因”作声旁。

而：“而”是“耏”的本字。而，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602717009.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602338052.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602972787.png（口，嘴巴）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602702798.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602666773.png（下垂的须发），表示垂在下巴的长须。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602680532.png把“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602972787.png形简化成下唇的形状https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602588296.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602404452.png将甲骨文字形中的下巴形状https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602588296.png简化成一横https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602190900.png，将甲骨文字形中的须束https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602666773.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602470734.png。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602619158.png有所变形，误将独体字拆写成上下两部分。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602806351.png承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，下巴上的胡须。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602836975.png承续篆文字形。当“而”的“胡须”本义消失后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602210718.png再加“彡”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104602570509.png（毛发）另造“耏”代替。古汉字中的人称来源，体现了古人的自我中心意识：脸部的正中央为“自”（鼻子，第一人称），脸部的下边为“而”（颌须，第二人称），身体的最下端为“之”（脚板，第三人称）；同样，威猛的武器为“我”（大戌，第一人称），而只用于短程集发的弓弩为“尔”（排箭，第二人称）。附一 文言版《説文解字》：而，頰毛也。象毛之形。《周禮》曰：“作其鱗之而。”凡而之屬皆从而。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：而，脸颊上的络腮胡子。字形像毛发之形。《周礼》上有句子说，“振作起它的麟和脸颊上的毛”。所有与而相关的字，都采用“而”作边旁。

大：大，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104943987128.png像张开双臂双腿、顶天立地的成年人。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104943518908.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104943508805.png承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：名词，顶天立地的成年人。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104943618044.png失去手形。在远古时代，人的体格出众被等同于能力出众，因此称能医病、能治邦的人为“大（念dài）夫”。“私”即“厶”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104943567082.png，是头部朝下、尚未出生的神秘胎儿；“了”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104943199943.png是刚出生的、性别确然可辨的幼婴；“子”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104943339734.png是挥动两臂、两腿包裹在襁褓中、尚不能独立活动的幼儿；“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104943508805.png是顶天立地的成年人；“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104943319372.png是双手采摘或在地里忙活的劳动者。附一 文言版《説文解字》：大，天大，地大，人亦大。故大象人形。古文才也。凡大之屬皆从大。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：大，天大，地大，人也大。所以“大”字像人的形象。大，这也是古文写法的“才”字。所有与大相关的字，都采用“大”作边旁。

生：生，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144642831.png是指事字，在草叶https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144179224.png（屮）下面加一横表示地面的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144118039.png，表示新芽破土而出。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144392609.png用“土”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144502195.png代替表示地面的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144118039.png，成为会义字：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144392609.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144359224.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144179224.png（屮，新芽）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144703841.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144502195.png（土，地面），表示地面上有新芽冒出。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144847946.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144557374.png承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：动词，草木破土萌发。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144825617.png将篆文上部的“屮”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144640890.png简化成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144511849.png，失去植物嫩叶萌发https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144640890.png的形象。古籍常假借“生”代替“性”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：生，進也。象艸木生出土上。凡生之屬皆从生。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：生，发育进展。象草从泥土上长出。所有与生相关的字，都采用“生”作边旁。

迅：“卂”是“迅”的本字。卂，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050737600.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050273047.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050244339.png（是“又”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050285260.png的简化，表示持握）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050841946.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050445424.png（是https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050434427.png的简化，旗子），像一个人手执号旗，向无法通话的远处打旗语，通报紧急信息，表示急速。当“卂”作为单纯字件后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050635105.png再加“辵”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050601117.png（行进）另造“迅”代替，表示急速行进。造字本义：动词，急行追捕，将疑犯抓住。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050957355.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050601117.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050390610.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050291533.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111050294119.png。    附一 文言版《説文解字》：迅，疾也。从辵，卂聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：迅，疾速。字形采用“辵”作边旁，采用“卂”作声旁。

雷：“畾”和“雷”是“靁”的异体字。畾，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052948775.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052747767.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052566563.png（申，即“电”，分杈的闪电干枝）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052706932.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052841583.png（两个圆圈，即两个轮子），表示天空伴随闪电发出滚动的巨响。古人以为伴随闪电发生的滚动着的震天巨响，是因为天神战车在天穹轰然驰过。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052498794.png将小圆圈https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052586700.png写成“田”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052997696.png，明确“轮子”的形象。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052864844.png将甲骨文字形中的两个轮子https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052392604.png写成四个轮子https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052997401.png。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052783783.png将枝状闪电https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052369394.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052519788.png。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052409366.png加“雨”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052187115.png，强调雷电的天象性质。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052445766.png将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052187115.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052384835.png，将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052257022.png简化成“畾”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052791438.png。造字本义：动词，天空爆发闪电霹雳，并伴随轰隆隆的震天巨响，犹如天神的战车在天穹之顶滚过。楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052924667.png将隶书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052410906.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052848377.png。楷书异体字“雷”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052525594.png把“畾”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052848377.png简化成“田”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052860072.png。有的楷书异体字“畾”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052953976.png省去正体楷书字形中的“雨”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015052322614.png。古籍多以简体的“雷”代替繁体的“靁”和大幅简化的异体字“畾”。“雷”与“霆”相关，古人称闪电在天空发出巨响为“雷”，称响雷在地面震动建筑为“霆”。远古人在日常器皿上装饰大量重复的雷云纹，以示对天神的崇拜，也以此驱邪避害，后人遂以“雷同”表示大量而相同的重复（参见“罍”）。附一 文言版《説文解字》：靁，陰陽薄動，靁雨生物者也。从雨，畾象回轉形。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：靁，是天空中的阴阳能量相搏动，响雷、下雨、生物的气象。字形采用“雨字头”作边旁，畾象回转的形状。

烈：列，既是声旁也是形旁，表示肢解酷刑。烈，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013351242.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013241452.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013250567.png（柬，熏，烧烤）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013670643.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013495866.png（人，罪犯），表示烧烤罪囚。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013447606.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013241452.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013331072.png（列，肢解酷刑）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013670643.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013219561.png（火，烧），表示肢解或火刑。造字本义：动词，远古酷刑，将罪犯装在袋子里烧烤折磨。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013499002.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013331072.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013687612.png，将篆文字形中的“火”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013219561.png写成“四点底”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021013642562.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：烈，猛也。从火，data:image/png;base64,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聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：烈，火猛。字形采用“火”作边旁，采用“data:image/png;base64,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”作声旁。

风：凡，既是声旁也是形旁，是“鳳”的省略，表示传说中形似孔雀的大鹏鸟。風，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946620457.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946669236.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604070302863278.gif（凡，即“鳳”的省略，大鹏）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946193078.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946322215.png（云，气流）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946193078.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946486695.png（气，流动的空气），表示大鹏飞翔所依赖的空中气流。有的篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946185449.png省去“云”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946322215.png，并将“气”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946486695.png竖写成形似“川”的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946537134.png。有的篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604070936542545.gif将“凡”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/5/20200605120414799539.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/5/20200605120059390650.gif，并误将三竖构成的“气”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946537134.png写成“虫”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946119790.png。造字本义：名词，使鸟类得以飞翔的气流。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946122624.png将篆文字形中的“凡”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/5/20200605120059390650.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946736687.png，将篆文字形中的“虫”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946119790.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946426028.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“风”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946816434.png，依据草书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946459996.png，将草写的“云”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946501495.png简化成“乂”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101014946111694.png。甲骨文卜辞中有时假借“鳳”代替“風”。莫：“莫”是“暮”的本字。莫，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427094857393933.gifhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015119286866.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/15/20200215115729441856.gif（两个“林”，林莽）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015119684541.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427093905217792.gif（日，太阳），表示太阳下山，阳光隐没在丛林草野。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427094416559013.gif将丛林https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/15/20200215115729441856.gif改成草丛“茻”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427094754531986.gif。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427100414602708.gif、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427095236999863.gif承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：动词，太阳下山，阳光隐入丛林草野。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427093518753818.gif误将篆文字形下端的“艸”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/16/20200216120118378420.gif（草丛）当作两只手而连写成“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/4/27/20200427093642991137.gif。当“莫”的“太阳下山”本义消失后，隶书再加“日”另造“暮”代替。日在草上为“早”，日在草中为“莫”（暮），日在树下为“杳”。古人称日升而天地分明为“旦”，称日落而天地不分为“莫”（通“暮”）。附一 文言版《説文解字》：莫，日且冥也。从日，在艸中。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：莫，太阳快下山。字形采用“日”作边旁，像太阳落在草丛中。

不：“不”是“帝”的特殊异体字。不，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806612687.png是由“帝”的甲骨文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806608043.png减笔而来的特殊指事字。“帝”是“缔”的本字，甲骨文“帝”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806182427.png是指事字，字形在“木”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806496641.png（树）上端加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806108761.png，写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806859019.png，上端的“才”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807700896.png（房柱房梁）表示以树为柱、以树为梁，即在树杈上构筑巢居；圆圈指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807932159.png表示系束，即在树杈的框架上大量系束枝条，以构成树上栖居空间遮风挡雨的顶面、四个立面、底面。在没有锋利金属工具的巢居时代，不存在凿孔削榫的建筑技术，古人只能利用竹、藤、绳等柔韧材料来系扎、加固连结物。“帝”的简体甲骨文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807798167.png将树杈形状https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807700896.png简化成倒三角形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807338130.png，将表示系束的圆圈指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807932159.png简化成横写的“工”状https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807196941.png。有的“帝”之甲骨文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806608043.png在顶端再加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806108761.png。巢居的发明，使先民摆脱了选择有限、进退不便的穴居困境，为生存赢得了空前广大的自由空间，使中国的史前文明革命性地跃进一大步；而最早缔枝为巢的部落首领，也由此被先民尊称为“帝”。将“帝”的甲骨文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105806608043.png省去表示系束的“工”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807561023.png就成为“不”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807135314.png，即树杈未经缔结构造的原始树杈巢居，缺少防护的原始树居要面临风雨侵袭和坠落的危险，甲骨文中“帝”与“不”的造字思路，显示巢居时代的先民对原始树居不安全居住方式的否定态度。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807831215.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807672482.png承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：名词，未经缔结构造而直接使用的树杈上的原始巢居。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807994187.png省去隶书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807509143.png中的倒三角形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105807983600.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：不，鳥飛上翔不下來也。从一，一猶天也。象形。凡不之屬皆从不。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：不，鸟向上飞翔不降落。字形采用“一”作字根，“一”好比是天。字形像鸟在天上飞翔的样子。所有与不相关的字，都采用“不”作边旁。

蠢：春，既是声旁也是形旁，表示严冬之后回暖的季节。蠢，籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757629979.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757334730.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757322512.png（载，搭乘）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757231495.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757733057.png（春，冬后回暖季节），表示结束冬眠的虫子“踏春”而来。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757113673.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757334730.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757394733.png（春，冬后回暖季节）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757231495.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757569957.png（大量昆虫），表示春天有大量昆虫苏醒、活动。造字本义：动词，大量冬眠的虫蛇在回暖的春天苏醒、蠕动。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757379372.png将篆文字形中的“春”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757394733.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022757798444.png。未见世面为“蒙”；内心黑暗为“昧”；缺乏心智为“愚”；无知且钝为“蠢”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：蠢，蟲動也。从䖵，春聲。data:image/png;base64,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，古文蠢从data:image/png;base64,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。《周書》曰：“我有data:image/png;base64,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于西。”
附二 白话版《说文解字》：蠢，虫蠕动。字形采用“䖵”作边旁，“春”作声旁。data:image/png;base64,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，古文的“蠢”采用“data:image/png;base64,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”作边旁。《周书》上说：“我有data:image/png;base64,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于西。

然：“然”是“燃”的本字。然，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020748202473.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749974666.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749226033.png（月，兽肉）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749134064.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749382768.png（犬，代表狩猎）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749134064.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749588289.png（火，烧烤），表示烧烤猎物。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749722280.png将“火”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749588289.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749104122.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749127505.png承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，将猎获的动物烤熟了吃。在远古时代，烤食是生存能力突破性的一大进步，所以“然”也表示“合理、正确”。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749295447.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749897587.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749115813.png，将篆文字形中的“火”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749344918.png写成“四点底”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020749559712.png。当“然”的“烧烤兽肉”本义消失后，后人再加“火”另造“燃”代替，强调“烧火”含义。附一 文言版《説文解字》：然，燒也。从火，肰聲。䕼，或从艸難。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：然，烧烤。字形采用“火”作边旁，“肰”声旁。䕼，这是“然”的异体字，采用“艸”作边旁，采用“難”作声旁。

翻译：人类头顶上方的太空苍穹；足履平地，徒步前往；头顶全秃，没有头发；内心所感激的借以渡过难关的外来帮助；下巴上的胡须；顶天立地的成年人；内心所感激的借以渡过难关的外来帮助；草木破土萌发。急行追捕，将疑犯抓住；天空爆发闪电霹雳，并伴随轰隆隆的震天巨响，犹如天神的战车在天穹之顶滚过；远古酷刑，将罪犯装在袋子里烧烤折磨；使鸟类得以飞翔的气流；太阳下山，阳光隐入丛林草野；未经缔结构造而直接使用的树杈上的原始巢居；大量冬眠的虫蛇在回暖的春天苏醒、蠕动；将猎获的动物烤熟了吃。 心得：天地不仁，以万物为刍狗；圣人不仁，以百姓为刍狗。大恩生于无恩之中。

陈慧Michelle 发表于 2020-11-9 22:08:33

本帖最后由 陈慧Michelle 于 2020-11-9 22:46 编辑

第二天11月09日

原文：
至乐性余，至静性廉。

查字：
至：“至”是“到”和“倒”的本字。至，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743911184.png是指事字，字形在倒写的“交”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743506791.png下面加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743110543.png，表示地板或床铺，“交”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743447905.png表示站立的人，倒写的“交”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743506791.png表示倒卧的人，所以“至”的整个字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743911184.png表示一个人倒在床上，叉腿而卧。对远古狩猎时代整日奔波的男子来说，回到家中就意味着可以安全躺下、放松休息。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743551566.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743454480.png用“土”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743733806.png代替表示地面的一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743634569.png，明确了“地板”（地铺）的含义。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743818307.png承续金文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743454480.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743885084.png承续金文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743551566.png。造字本义：动词，回到家里，躺下休息。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743674670.png将篆文字形中倒写的“交”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743103385.png写成不知云的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743371846.png。当“至”的“到家”本义消失后，再加“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743237041.png另造“到”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743179044.png代替。篆文的“到”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743682217.png误将“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743237041.png写成“刀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743123225.png。当“到”的“到家”本义消失后，篆文再加“人”另造“倒”代替。附一 文言版《説文解字》：至，鳥飛从高下至地也。从一，一猶地也。象形。不，上去；而至，下來也。凡至之屬皆从至。data:image/png;base64,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，古文至。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：至，鸟从高处飞落到地面。字形用“一”作边旁，“一”好像地面。字形像鸟从高处飞落到地面。“不”，是鸟飞向高处；而“至”，则是鸟从高处飞下来。所有与至相关的字，都采用“至”作边旁。data:image/png;base64,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，这是古文写法的“至”。

乐：樂，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115141049.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115856618.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115896719.png（丝，丝弦）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115708577.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115774991.png（木，架子，琴枕），字形像木枕上系着丝弦的琴具。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115598282.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115822398.png加”白“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115752834.png（说唱），强调弹琴伴奏歌唱。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115474636.png承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，和着演奏歌唱。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115550918.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115641177.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115772742.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115267348.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115677157.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115940355.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115997696.png。《汉字简化方案》中的简体楷书“乐”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115539401.png，依据草书字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105115643630.png整体简化。附一 文言版《説文解字》：樂，五聲八音緫名。象鼓鞞。木，虡也。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：乐，五声八音的总称。data:image/png;base64,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，像鼓鞞的样子。木，表示鼓鞞的支架。

性：生，既是声旁也是形旁，表示天然萌发。性，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157660603.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157602587.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157957393.png（心，欲求）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157878329.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157909085.png（生，天然萌发），表示人类天然萌发的欲求。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157228444.png将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157957393.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157297326.png。造字本义：名词，人类萌生于心的本能欲望，如食，色。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157297922.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157297326.png写成“竖心旁”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157724667.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157379459.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157771394.png。俗体楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157558932.png将正体楷书字形中的“竖心旁”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157724667.png简化成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105157743808.png。古籍常借“生”代替“性”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：性，人之陽气性善者也。从心，生聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：性，人的身上善良本能的显性表现。字形采用“心”作边旁，采用“生”作声旁。

余：余，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759255424.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759151279.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759403352.png（尖圆屋顶）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759514116.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759639070.png（才，房柱和横梁），表示单柱尖顶的简易建筑。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759909024.png将尖圆屋顶https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759403352.png写成“宀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759466897.png，明确“余”与“建筑”的关联。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759237815.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759769930.png在房柱https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759291607.png两侧加两点指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759852557.png，表示用三角支撑方式加固房柱。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759676006.png承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，单柱、无壁的尖顶茅屋，一种最简易的建筑，用于存放一般农资、杂物。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759540591.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759371499.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105759850400.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：余，語之舒也。从八，舍省聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：余，表示语气舒缓的助词。字形采用“八”作边旁，采用省略了“囗”的“舍”作声旁。

静：“浄”和“靜”是“瀞”的异体字；而“净”是“浄”的异体字。清，既是声旁也是形旁，表示纯洁、无污染。瀞，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312015813905154.gifhttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020440166548.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312020051119094.gif（清，纯洁、无污染）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020440129615.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312020100748917.gif（争，极力实现），表示极力使之纯洁、无污染。金文异体字“静”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312045553553499.gif省去“水”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312045616456842.gif。有的金文异体字https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312045758498463.gif将混合结构调整成左右结构，将“青”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312045827413033.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312045809439804.gif，将“爭”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312045835915617.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312045816966184.gif。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312050050435378.gif承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，清除污染，使之纯洁。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312045116142905.gif将篆文字形中的“青”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312050411935715.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312045124901609.gif，将篆文字形中的“爭”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312050357370718.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/3/12/20200312045130384776.gif。俗体楷书“静”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015906305614.png依据类推简化规则，将正体楷书字形中的“爭”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015906166666.png简化成“争”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015906649951.png。由于“静”与“净”的字音相同、字形字义相近，古籍常将二者相互通用。附一 文言版《説文解字》：靜，審也。从青，爭聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：静，自审内省。字形采用“青”作边旁，采用“争”作声旁。

廉：兼，既是声旁也是形旁，表示合并、连接。廉，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049555438.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049871445.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049996077.png（广，开放式建筑）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049220208.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049403357.png（兼，合并、连接），表示与主体建筑相连的开放式空间。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049770970.png将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049996077.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049837638.png，将金文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049403357.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049109724.png。造字本义：动词，将房屋主体与外部开放式空间相连接。隶书承续篆文字形。俗体隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049341509.png将两“禾”一“又”的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049912394.png简化成“兼”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049108071.png。俗体楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049148959.png将正体楷书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049800187.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049312116.png。https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111049185254.png附一 文言版《説文解字》：廉，庂也。从广，兼聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：廉，窄小的屋子。字形采用“广”作边旁，采用“兼”作声旁。



翻译：字译：回到家里躺下休息，和着演奏歌唱，人类萌生于心的本能欲望如食色，单柱、无壁的尖顶茅屋，一种最简易的建筑用于存放一般农资、杂物。回到家里躺下休息，清除污染使之纯洁，人类萌生于心的本能欲望如食色，将房屋主体与外部开放式空间相连接。 体会：一阴一阳，一动一静，天地万物，回归本性。

陈慧Michelle 发表于 2020-11-10 18:54:23

本帖最后由 陈慧Michelle 于 2020-11-10 21:57 编辑

第三天11月10日 原文：天之至私，用之至公。禽之制在气。 查字：天：天，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156445015.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156712199.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156425128.png（口，即“日”的简写，太阳）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156350211.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015625418374.gif（大，成年人），表示人的头顶上方、日月星辰所在的太空。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156652098.png将“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015625418374.gif写成“夫”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604015828783336.gif。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156925633.png用“上”代替“日”：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156925633.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156712199.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156113321.png（上，与地相对的空间）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156350211.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156674523.png（大，成年人），表示在人的头顶之上的太空。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156971157.png将“上”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604051734652453.gif和“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/4/20200604051944132440.gif混写。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156494771.png承续甲骨文字形。简体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156453137.png将甲骨文字形中的“上”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156113321.png简写成“一”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156381521.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156188550.png承续金文字形。造字本义：名词，人类头顶上方的太空苍穹。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156435023.png将篆文字形中的“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156671788.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015156995330.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：天，顚也。至高無上，从一、大。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：天，头顶。至高无上，字形由“一、大”构成。

之：之，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152205362.png是指事字，在“止”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152488630.png（脚）下面加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152102750.png，表示脚踏大地。造字本义：动词，足履平地，徒步前往。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152151440.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152958261.png承续甲骨文字形。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152173792.png严重变形。楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152911924.png承续隶书字形，“止”形消失。古汉字中的人称来源，体现了古人的自我中心意识：脸部的正中央为“自”（鼻子，第一人称），脸部的下边为“而”（颌须，第二人称），身体的最下端为“之”（脚板，第三人称）；同样，威猛的武器为“我”（大戌，第一人称），而只用于短程集发的弓弩为“尔”（排箭，第二人称）。附一 文言版《説文解字》：之，出也。象艸過屮，枝莖益大，有所之。一者，地也。凡之之屬皆从之。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：之，长出。像植物过了发芽的阶段，枝茎日益茁壮，有所扩张。字形底部的指事符号“一”，代表地面。所有与之相关的字，都采用“之”作边旁。

至：“至”是“到”和“倒”的本字。至，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743911184.png是指事字，字形在倒写的“交”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743506791.png下面加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743110543.png，表示地板或床铺，“交”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743447905.png表示站立的人，倒写的“交”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743506791.png表示倒卧的人，所以“至”的整个字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743911184.png表示一个人倒在床上，叉腿而卧。对远古狩猎时代整日奔波的男子来说，回到家中就意味着可以安全躺下、放松休息。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743551566.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743454480.png用“土”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743733806.png代替表示地面的一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743634569.png，明确了“地板”（地铺）的含义。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743818307.png承续金文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743454480.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743885084.png承续金文字形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743551566.png。造字本义：动词，回到家里，躺下休息。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743674670.png将篆文字形中倒写的“交”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743103385.png写成不知云的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743371846.png。当“至”的“到家”本义消失后，再加“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743237041.png另造“到”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743179044.png代替。篆文的“到”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743682217.png误将“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743237041.png写成“刀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104743123225.png。当“到”的“到家”本义消失后，篆文再加“人”另造“倒”代替。附一 文言版《説文解字》：至，鳥飛从高下至地也。从一，一猶地也。象形。不，上去；而至，下來也。凡至之屬皆从至。data:image/png;base64,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，古文至。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：至，鸟从高处飞落到地面。字形用“一”作边旁，“一”好像地面。字形像鸟从高处飞落到地面。“不”，是鸟飞向高处；而“至”，则是鸟从高处飞下来。所有与至相关的字，都采用“至”作边旁。data:image/png;base64,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，这是古文写法的“至”。

私：甲骨文“私”（厶）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421937589.png与“以”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421383914.png通用，像在胞衣中头朝下、尚未出生、不明性别不明模样的胎儿。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421315920.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421161104.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421698274.png（禾，代表粮食、财产）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421355208.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421367058.png（厶，胎儿）。造字本义：名词，不知其详的胎儿或暗藏的家产。在共产平分的原始时代，人们对胎儿与个人所隐藏的粮食、财物，既好奇又无奈。“私”即“厶”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421383914.png，是头部朝下、尚未出生的神秘胎儿；“了”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421445536.png是刚出生的、性别确然可辨的幼婴；“子”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421475215.png是挥动两臂、两腿包裹在襁褓中、尚不能独立活动的幼儿；“大”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421874164.png是顶天立地的成年人；“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101022421615497.png是双手采摘或在地里忙活的劳动者。附一 文言版《説文解字》：私，禾也。从禾，厶聲。北道名禾主人曰私主人。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：私，禾谷。字形采用“禾”作边旁，采用“厶”作声旁。北方习惯上叫禾谷主人为“私主人”。

用：“用”是“桶”的本字。用，甲骨文、金文字形极其多样丰富，绝大多数字形像某种器具。甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140696305.png是指事字，字形在“止”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png（脚趾）的字形上加一竖指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140473431.png，表示供人洗脚的水桶。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140244400.png将“止”形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140241411.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140903412.png将“止”形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140302406.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140290273.png将“止”形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140690066.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140296596.png。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140974655.png写成有提手的桶形。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140947398.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140900225.png承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：名词，供人盛水洗脚的木桶。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140979976.png对篆文字形进行较大变形，写成“冂”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140182493.png加“https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140320136.png”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111140204910.png的三包围结构。当“用”的“木桶”本义消失后，篆文再加“木”另造“桶”代替。附一 文言版《説文解字》：用，可施行也。从卜，从中。衞宏說。凡用之屬皆从用。data:image/png;base64,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，古文用。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：用，可以施行。字形采用“卜、中”会义。注：此论是旁引卫宏先生对“用”的本义说法。所有与用相关的字，都采用“用”作边旁。data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAkAAAAOAQMAAADHWqTrAAAEDWdJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDpCMEU1QTM2QUEzMTcxMUU4QkUzRUQ4QUE5NUZBMDU5QiIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDpCMEU1QTM2QkEzMTcxMUU4QkUzRUQ4QUE5NUZBMDlCIj4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6QjBFQTM2OEEzMTcxMUU4QkUzRUQ4QUE5NUZBMDU5QiIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRkOkIwRTVBMzY5QTMxNzExRThCRTNFRDhBQTk1RkEwNTlCIi8+IDwvcmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uPiA8L3JkZjpSREY+IDwveDp4bXBtZXRhPiA8P3hwYWNrZXQgZW5kPSJyIj8+Af/+/fz6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezr6uno5+bl5OPi4eDf3t3c29rZ2NfW1dTT0tHQz87NzMvKycjHxsXEw8LBwL++vby7urm4t7a1tLOysbCvrq2sq6qpqKempaSjoqGgn56dnJuamZiXlpWUk5KRkI+OjYyLiomIh4aFhIOCgYB/fn18e3p5eHd2dXRzcnFwb25tbGtqaWhnZmVkY2JhYF9eXVxbWllYV1ZVVFNSUVBPTk1MS0pJSEdGRURDQkFAPz49PDs6OTg3NjU0MzIxMC8uLSwrKikoJyYlJCMiISAfHh0cGxoZGBcWFRQTEhEQDw4NDAsKCQgHBgUEAwIBAB/+NrcAAAADc0JJVAEBAXwud4IAAAAGUExURQAAAP///6XZn90AAAAMY21QUEpDbXAwNzEyAAAAB09tt6UAAAACdFJOU/8A5bcwSgAAAAFiS0dEAf8CLd4AAAAbSURBVBjTY/jewFDOwFDAACKBiAGDwQ4m6xkAnDMGJl0s97YAAAAASUVORK5CYII=，这是古文写法的“用”字。

公：囗，既是声旁也是形旁，是“共”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544304559.png的省略，表示集体拥有。公，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544211753.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544548270.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544468617.png（八，是“分”的本字）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544538042.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544623027.png（口，即“共”，集体拥有），表示平均分配集体所共同拥有的物品。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544107234.png承续甲骨文字形。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544688500.png将甲骨文字形中表示共有物品的“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544623027.png写成“厶”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544634004.png（私），表示与“私”相反。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544819924.png承续金文字形。造字本义：动词，平均分配部落或氏族集体所共同拥有的包括食物在内的所有物品、物用。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544456035.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544470305.png写成“厶”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104544333105.png。　附一 文言版《説文解字》：公，平分也。从八，从厶。八猶背也。韓非曰：背厶爲公。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：公，平均分配。字形采用“八、厶”会义。八，犹如各各相背。韩非子说，与私相背，就是公。

禽：“禽”是“擒”的本字。今，既是声旁也是形旁，是“吟”的本字，表示动物的低声鸣叫。禽，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930469616.png是象形字，字形像倒置的“网”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930850348.png。网口朝下，表示在地面狩捕鸟类或小动物；网口朝上，表示用网罩在空中追扑飞行的鸟雀。繁体甲骨文写成会义字：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930672829.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930853731.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930110670.png（开口向上的“网”，捕鸟工具）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930811764.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930609268.png（“十”是“又”的变形，抓持），表示持网捕鸟。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930357406.png在网罩上方加一个倒写的“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930725557.png（吟念），表示捕鸟者手持网罩，口中吟念，模仿鸟鸣，吸引鸟雀。在天人无界的远古时代，人鸟无争，鸟不惧人，因此农夫用衣服就可以直接扑捕田间的鸟雀，猎人用网罩就可以直接追捕空中的飞鸟。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930608868.png将金文字形中的“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930725557.png写成“今”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930738911.png（吟，低声鸣叫），将金文字形中的“又”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930110406.png（抓）写成“禸”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930586605.png（手持网柄）。造字本义：动词，一边口中吟诵鸟鸣声吸引鸟雀，一边手持网罩捕鸟。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930723568.png将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930738911.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930682192.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930172002.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104930528813.png。当“禽”的“捕鸟”动词本义消失后，篆文再加“手”另造“擒”代替。用网罩在空中追扑飞行的鸟雀叫“禽”，用支架在地上的网罩等候跳跃觅食的鸟雀叫“羅（罗）”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：禽，獸緫名。从厹，象形，今聲。禽、离、兕頭相似。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：禽，兽的总称。字形采用“厹”作字根，像捕鸟之形，采用“今”作声旁。“禽”、“离”、“兕”三个字的顶部形状相似。

制：制，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654754955.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654683604.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654579239.png（木，树）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654651566.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654222263.png（刀，刀剪），表示用刀具修剪树木的枝叶。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654317395.png字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654904059.png表示树木的根须旺盛，需要修剪；字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654514115.png表示刀剪https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654236946.png之间的枝叶碎屑https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654791485.png。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654363748.png用“未”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654631289.png代替https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654904059.png，表示树木的枝梢太旺盛，需要修剪。古人发现，如果果树的枝叶太茂盛，就会过多消耗树木所获得的养分，以至于缺少足够的能量用于开花结果。籀文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654499551.png在繁茂的枝叶“未”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654236292.png与修剪工具“刀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654462279.png之间加“彡”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654497990.png（碎屑），表示用刀具剪下部分枝叶。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654240923.png承续金文字形。造字本义：为了让果树结出更好更多的果子，用刀具修剪果树的新梢，减省营养浪费。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654787104.png误将篆文字形中的“未”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654419824.png写成不知所云的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654999448.png，将篆文字形中的“刀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654764421.png写成“立刀旁”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104654131659.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：制，裁也。从刀，从未。未，物成有滋味，可裁斷。一曰止也。data:image/png;base64,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，古文制如此。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：制，剪裁。字形采用“刀、未”会义。未，表示植物的果实已初步长成，略有滋味，末梢和新枝可以剪断了。一种说法认为，“制”是“抑止”的意思。data:image/png;base64,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，古文的“制”写法如此。

在：才，既是声旁也是形旁，表示房柱房梁。在，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808260429.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808306758.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808659398.png（才，房柱房梁，借代居所）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808164280.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808880314.png（土，田地），表示赖以生存的居所和田地。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808420832.png将金文字形中的“才”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808659398.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808573772.png，将金文字形中的“土”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808880314.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/24/20200124093020738722.gif。造字本义：动词，有屋有地，定居生活。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808858648.png将篆文字形中的“才”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808573772.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105808800007.png，变形较大。“存”的本义是传宗接代，强调时间上能延续；“在”的本义是定居生活，强调空间上有支点。附一 文言版《説文解字》：在，存也。从土，才聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：在，存于某处。字形采用“土”作边旁，采用“才”作声旁。

气：气，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/9/20200609055344569606.gif是特殊指事字，字形在表示天地的“二”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128288649.png的两横之间加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128880315.png，代表天地之间的汽流。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128415091.png为了使之区别于数目字“三”，将第一横写成折笔https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128782639.png。为了有交区别于数目字“三”，有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128782967.png甲骨文字形中表示天地的上下两横都写成折笔https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101015128793716.png。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/9/20200609055706310618.gif将甲骨文字形中的三横都写成了波浪线，字形由指事字变成了象形字，像汽流起伏的样子。造字本义：名词，易于在天地之间均匀扩散、飘逸的第三态物质，汽流。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/6/9/20200609055817962531.gif有所变形。“气”是天地间容易飘逸、扩散的自然汽流；“氣”是人体内因肠胃消化食物而产生的气体。《汉字简化方案》用“气”合并“氣”。“乞”是“气”字减去中间一笔的特殊指事字：飘逸、扩散的汽流为“气”；短气为“乞”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：气，雲气也。象形。凡气之屬皆从气。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：气，像流动的雲气。象形字。所有与气相关的字，都采用“气”作边旁。

翻译：人类头顶上方的太空苍穹 足履平地徒步前往 回到家里躺下休息 不知其详的胎儿或暗藏的家产，供人盛水洗脚的木桶 足履平地徒步前往回到家里躺下休息 平均分配部落或氏族集体所共同拥有的包括食物在内的所有物品、物用。一边口中吟诵鸟鸣声吸引鸟雀，一边手持网罩捕鸟足履平地徒步前往 为了让果树结出更好更多的果子，用刀具修剪果树的新梢，减省营养浪费有屋有地，定居生活 易于在天地之间均匀扩散、飘逸的第三态物质，汽流。 体会：至公：大公无私。用之至公所以才能就天之私。
禽，擒，统御之法在于气。

陈慧Michelle 发表于 2020-11-11 16:52:48

本帖最后由 陈慧Michelle 于 2020-11-11 23:23 编辑

第四天 11月11日 原文：生者死之根，死者生之根。恩生于害，害生于恩。 查字：生：生，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144642831.png是指事字，在草叶https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144179224.png（屮）下面加一横表示地面的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144118039.png，表示新芽破土而出。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144392609.png用“土”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144502195.png代替表示地面的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144118039.png，成为会义字：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144392609.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144359224.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144179224.png（屮，新芽）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144703841.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144502195.png（土，地面），表示地面上有新芽冒出。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144847946.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144557374.png承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：动词，草木破土萌发。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144825617.png将篆文上部的“屮”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144640890.png简化成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144511849.png，失去植物嫩叶萌发https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144640890.png的形象。古籍常假借“生”代替“性”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：生，進也。象艸木生出土上。凡生之屬皆从生。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：生，发育进展。象草从泥土上长出。所有与生相关的字，都采用“生”作边旁。

者：“者”是“煮”和“诸”的本字。者，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809910665.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809152528.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809938972.png（像木柴着火，火星喷溅）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809886695.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809523577.png（火，火堆），表示古代部落燃烧篝火，用以煮食，聚众社交。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809604645.png将甲骨文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809938972.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810920532.png；将底部的“火”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020809523577.png写成“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810440127.png（言说），表示部落成员围绕火堆漫谈交流。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810480933.png将“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810440127.png写成“曰”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810572642.png，明确“者”的“言说”含义。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810683429.png将金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810480933.png字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810824559.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810289492.png，将“曰”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810572642.png写成“白”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810918973.png（说清楚），进一步强调“者”的“言说”主题。造字本义：动词，古代部落生火煮食，聚众漫谈。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810861380.png将篆文字形中“木”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810254973.png形和“火星”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810990914.png模糊难辨的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810289492.png写成不知所云的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810175310.png，至此“者”的字形中“木”与“火星”形状完全消失。楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810456744.png则将隶书字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810175310.png写成“土”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810729537.png加“撇”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810189350.png的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101020810267304.png。当“者”的“生火煮食”本义消失后，再加“火”另造“煮”代替；当“者”的“聚众而谈”含义消失后，再加“言”另造“诸”代替。附一 文言版《説文解字》：者，別事詞也。从白，data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA0AAAAOAQMAAADOsQSRAAAEDGdJRnhYTVAgRGF0YVhNUD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4gPHg6eG1wbXRhIHhtbG5zOng9ImFkb2JlOm5zOm1ldGEvIiB4OnhtcHRrPSJBZG9iZSBYTVAgQ29yZSA1LjMtYzAxMSA2Ni4xNDU2NjEsIDIwMTIvMDIvMDYtMTQ6NTY6MjcgICAgICAgICI+PHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3Lncub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1ucyMiPiA8cmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uIHJmOmFib3V0PSIiIHhtbG5zOnhtcD0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wLyIgeG1sbnM6eG1wTU09Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9tbS8iIHhtbnM6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9SZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNiAoV2luZG93cykiIHhtTU06SW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDo5RkM2NkY3M0ZBMTUxMUU5QTI3REI2Njc0MDRGMDQwRiIgeG1wTU06RG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDo5RkM2NkY3NEZBMTUxMUU5QTI3REI2Njc0MDRGMDBGIj4gPHhtcE1NOkRlcml2ZWRGcm9tIHN0UmVmOmluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtcC5paWQ6OUY2NkY3MUZBMTUxMUU5QTI3REI2Njc0MDRGMDQwRiIgc3RSZWY6ZG9jdW1lbnRJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDo5RkM2NkY3MkZBNTExRTlBMjdEQjY2NzQwNEYwNDBGIi8+IDwvcmRmOkRlc2NyaXB0aW9uPiA8L3JkZlJERj4gPC94OnhtcG1ldGE+IDw/eHBhY2tldCBlbmQ9InIiPz4B//79/Pv6+fj39vX08/Lx8O/u7ezq6ejn5uXk4+Lh4N/e3dzb2tnY19bV1NPS0dDPzs3My8rJyMfGxcTDwsHAv769vLu6ubi3trW0s7KxsK+urayrqqmop6alpKOioaCfnp2cm5qZmJeWlZSTkpGQj46NjIuKiYiHhoWEg4KBgH9+fXx7enl4d3Z1dHNycXBvbm1sa2ppaGdmZWRjYmFgX15dXFtaWVhXVlVUU1JRUE9OTUxLSklIR0ZFRENCQUA/Pj08Ozo5ODc2NTQzMjEwLy4tLCsqKSgnJiUkIyIhIB8eHRwbGhkYFxYVFBMSERAPDg0MCwoJCAcGBQQDAgEA5JmsxgAAAANzQklUAQEBfC53ggAAAAZQTFRFAAAA////pdmf3QAAAAJ0Uk5T/wDltzBKAAAAAWJLR0QB/wIt3gAAAAxjbVBQSkNtcDA3MTIAAAAHT223pQAAACVJREFUGNNj+PuDAYjeSDC8/QFFQPD/B8P7HVB0PYJh1wuG2g8A2iEVyLuwPiIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=聲。data:image/png;base64,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，古文旅字。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：者，表示事物判断的代词。字形采用“白”作边旁，data:image/png;base64,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是声旁。data:image/png;base64,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，是古文的“旅”字。

死：死，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447242685.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447940866.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447256778.png（跪着的人）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447109008.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447473346.png（口，哭）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447109008.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447396613.png（歺，即“歹”，尸骨），表示跪着对不舍的尸骸哭泣。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447128356.png省去“口”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447473346.png。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447307718.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447585082.png承续简体甲骨文字形。造字本义：动词，生命结束，他人对遗体痛哭哀悼。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447666060.png将篆文字形中的“歺”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447722358.png写成“歹”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447722354.png，将篆文字形中的“人”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447318695.png写成“匕”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103104447588273.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：死，澌也，人所離也。从歺，从人。凡死之屬皆从死。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：死，生气耗尽，表示人的灵魂与躯体相分离。字形采用“歺、人”会义。所有与死相关的字，都采用“死”作边旁。

之：之，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152205362.png是指事字，在“止”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152488630.png（脚）下面加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152102750.png，表示脚踏大地。造字本义：动词，足履平地，徒步前往。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152151440.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152958261.png承续甲骨文字形。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152173792.png严重变形。楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103111152911924.png承续隶书字形，“止”形消失。古汉字中的人称来源，体现了古人的自我中心意识：脸部的正中央为“自”（鼻子，第一人称），脸部的下边为“而”（颌须，第二人称），身体的最下端为“之”（脚板，第三人称）；同样，威猛的武器为“我”（大戌，第一人称），而只用于短程集发的弓弩为“尔”（排箭，第二人称）。附一 文言版《説文解字》：之，出也。象艸過屮，枝莖益大，有所之。一者，地也。凡之之屬皆从之。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：之，长出。像植物过了发芽的阶段，枝茎日益茁壮，有所扩张。字形底部的指事符号“一”，代表地面。所有与之相关的字，都采用“之”作边旁。

根：艮，既是声旁也是形旁，是“跟”（足底）的省略。跟，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021315649317.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021315329061.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021315369954.png（木，树）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021315658977.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021315981223.png（艮，即“跟”，脚底），表示树的脚跟，比喻树木长在地下、使之“站稳”的部分。造字本义：名词，比喻草木长在地下、使树木牢牢挺立的营养器官。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021315303187.png简化了“艮”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021315981223.png的字形，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021315369954.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021315722887.png，将篆文字形中的https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021315981223.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021315622445.png。附一 文言版《説文解字》：根，木株也。从木，艮聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：根，树的地株。字形采用“木”作边旁，采用“艮”作声旁。

恩：因，既是声旁也是形旁，表示依靠。恩，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205239197.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205412259.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205153450.png（因，依靠）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205208439.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205702357.png（心，感激），表示感激依靠。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205224731.png将金文字形中的“心”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205702357.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205633065.png。造字本义：名词，内心所感激的借以渡过难关的外来帮助。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219102427340816.gif将篆文字形中的“因”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219111619178882.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219111337973902.gif，将篆文字形中的“心”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205633065.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219111346529433.gif。附一 文言版《説文解字》：恩，惠也。从心，因聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：恩，好处。字形采用“心”作边旁，采用“因”作声旁。

于：“于”是“竽”的本字。于，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930361270.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930213683.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930734265.png（（于，即“竽”，竹管吹奏乐器）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930696739.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930371156.png（凹凸曲折），表示竽管乐音起伏迂回。在有柄的吹奏乐器“丂”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930105886.png（参见“号”、“可”）的手柄部位加一横，表示手握乐器；凹凸曲折的符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930895137.png，表示乐音婉转起伏。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930257458.png省去凹凸起伏的符号。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930473704.png、https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930764121.png承续甲骨文字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930192415.png有所变形。造字本义：名词，婉转起伏的竽管乐音。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930791472.png恢复简体金文字形。当“于”的“竹笛”本义消失后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930321912.png再加“竹”另造“竽”代替。由于“于”（男女新婚仪式上必备的音乐演奏）与“於”（成双成对的鸟儿比翼齐飞）读音相同，而且含义存在内在关联，古人于是有时假借“于”代替“於”。《汉字简化方案》用“于”合并代替“於”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：于，於也，象气之舒亏。从丂，从一。一者，其气平之也。凡亏之屬皆從亏。今變隸作于。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：于，即“於”，像气息的舒张与亏缺。字形采用“丂、一”会义。“一”代替气息平缓。所有与亏相关的字，都采用“亏”作边旁。现今“於”简化写作“于”。

害：“害”是“割”的本字。害，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229970976.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229644227.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229252355.png（被系扎捆绑的舌头）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229854246.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229560864.png（口，嘴巴），表示系扎捆绑https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229319590.png舌头https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229102396.png，以防人之口。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229553590.png在舌头https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229357343.png中间加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229471800.png，表示割断舌头。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229797483.png将独体形写成断开的两部分https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229363355.png、https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229508519.png，强调“割断”。繁体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229935570.png加“丮”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229694643.png（执，紧紧抓住），强调恶意致伤的强制性。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229643646.png误将金文字形上部的舌形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229796960.png分解成“宝盖头”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229502931.png，同时用“丯”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229744883.png突出纵横切割的创伤。造字本义：动词，古人为了消灭口供或证词，抓捕并割去当事人舌头。隶化后https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229871659.png误将篆文字形中的“丯”（ jiè ）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229744883.png写成“丰”（ fēng ）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229571459.png。当“害”的“切割”本义消失后，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229668483.png再加“刀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229875841.png另造“割”代替。附一 文言版《説文解字》：害，傷也。从宀，从口。宀、口，言从家起也。丯聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：害，使人受伤。字形采用“从、口”会义。“宀、口”会义，是说伤人的言语从家中而起。采用“丯”作声旁。

翻译：草木破土萌发 古代部落生火煮食聚众漫谈生命结束他人对遗体痛哭哀悼 足履平地，徒步前往 比喻草木长在地下、使树木牢牢挺立的营养器官，生命结束他人对遗体痛哭哀悼 古代部落生火煮食聚众漫谈 草木破土萌发 足履平地，徒步前往 比喻草木长在地下、使树木牢牢挺立的营养器官。内心所感激的借以渡过难关的外来帮助草木破土萌发 婉转起伏的竽管乐音 古人为了消灭口供或证词抓捕并割去当事人舌头，古人为了消灭口供或证词抓捕并割去当事人舌头 草木破土萌发 婉转起伏的竽管乐音 内心所感激的借以渡过难关的外来帮助。
体会：天生天杀，天下万物的运行规律；阴消阳长，阳消阴长，阴阳互根，阴阳互消。

陈慧Michelle 发表于 2020-11-12 19:47:07

本帖最后由 陈慧Michelle 于 2020-11-12 22:21 编辑

第五天11月12日 原文：恩生于害，害生于恩。 查字：恩：因，既是声旁也是形旁，表示依靠。恩，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205239197.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205412259.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205153450.png（因，依靠）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205208439.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205702357.png（心，感激），表示感激依靠。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205224731.png将金文字形中的“心”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205702357.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205633065.png。造字本义：名词，内心所感激的借以渡过难关的外来帮助。隶化后楷书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219102427340816.gif将篆文字形中的“因”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219111619178882.gif写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219111337973902.gif，将篆文字形中的“心”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105205633065.png写成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/2/19/20200219111346529433.gif。附一 文言版《説文解字》：恩，惠也。从心，因聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：恩，好处。字形采用“心”作边旁，采用“因”作声旁。

生：生，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144642831.png是指事字，在草叶https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144179224.png（屮）下面加一横表示地面的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144118039.png，表示新芽破土而出。有的甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144392609.png用“土”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144502195.png代替表示地面的指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144118039.png，成为会义字：https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144392609.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144359224.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144179224.png（屮，新芽）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144703841.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144502195.png（土，地面），表示地面上有新芽冒出。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144847946.png、篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144557374.png承续甲骨文字形。造字本义：动词，草木破土萌发。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144825617.png将篆文上部的“屮”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144640890.png简化成https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144511849.png，失去植物嫩叶萌发https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021144640890.png的形象。古籍常假借“生”代替“性”。附一 文言版《説文解字》：生，進也。象艸木生出土上。凡生之屬皆从生。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：生，发育进展。象草从泥土上长出。所有与生相关的字，都采用“生”作边旁。

于：“于”是“竽”的本字。于，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930361270.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930213683.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930734265.png（（于，即“竽”，竹管吹奏乐器）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930696739.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930371156.png（凹凸曲折），表示竽管乐音起伏迂回。在有柄的吹奏乐器“丂”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930105886.png（参见“号”、“可”）的手柄部位加一横，表示手握乐器；凹凸曲折的符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930895137.png，表示乐音婉转起伏。简体甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930257458.png省去凹凸起伏的符号。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930473704.png、https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930764121.png承续甲骨文字形。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930192415.png有所变形。造字本义：名词，婉转起伏的竽管乐音。隶书https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930791472.png恢复简体金文字形。当“于”的“竹笛”本义消失后，篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/1/20200101021930321912.png再加“竹”另造“竽”代替。由于“于”（男女新婚仪式上必备的音乐演奏）与“於”（成双成对的鸟儿比翼齐飞）读音相同，而且含义存在内在关联，古人于是有时假借“于”代替“於”。《汉字简化方案》用“于”合并代替“於”。
附一 文言版《説文解字》：于，於也，象气之舒亏。从丂，从一。一者，其气平之也。凡亏之屬皆從亏。今變隸作于。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：于，即“於”，像气息的舒张与亏缺。字形采用“丂、一”会义。“一”代替气息平缓。所有与亏相关的字，都采用“亏”作边旁。现今“於”简化写作“于”。

害：“害”是“割”的本字。害，甲骨文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229970976.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229644227.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229252355.png（被系扎捆绑的舌头）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229854246.pnghttps://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229560864.png（口，嘴巴），表示系扎捆绑https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229319590.png舌头https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229102396.png，以防人之口。金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229553590.png在舌头https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229357343.png中间加一横指事符号https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229471800.png，表示割断舌头。有的金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229797483.png将独体形写成断开的两部分https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229363355.png、https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229508519.png，强调“割断”。繁体金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229935570.png加“丮”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229694643.png（执，紧紧抓住），强调恶意致伤的强制性。篆文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229643646.png误将金文字形上部的舌形https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229796960.png分解成“宝盖头”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229502931.png，同时用“丯”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229744883.png突出纵横切割的创伤。造字本义：动词，古人为了消灭口供或证词，抓捕并割去当事人舌头。隶化后https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229871659.png误将篆文字形中的“丯”（ jiè ）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229744883.png写成“丰”（ fēng ）https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229571459.png。当“害”的“切割”本义消失后，金文https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229668483.png再加“刀”https://www.vividict.com/Upload/2020/1/3/20200103105229875841.png另造“割”代替。
附一 文言版《説文解字》：害，傷也。从宀，从口。宀、口，言从家起也。丯聲。
附二 白话版《说文解字》：害，使人受伤。字形采用“从、口”会义。“宀、口”会义，是说伤人的言语从家中而起。采用“丯”作声旁。


翻译：内心所感激的借以渡过难关的外来帮助 草木破土萌发 婉转起伏的竽管乐音 古人为了消灭口供或证词抓捕并割去当事人舌头，古人为了消灭口供或证词抓捕并割去当事人舌头 草木破土萌发 婉转起伏的竽管乐音 内心所感激的借以渡过难关的外来帮助。 心得：生死同空间不同时，恩害同时不同空间。恩害为互生。

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